3994 Triclosan Triclosan is an antibacterial and antifungal agent. It is a polychloro phenoxy phenol. Though many consumer products contain triclosan, according to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) at the present time there is no evidence that triclosan in personal care products provides an extra benefit to health beyond its anti-gingivitis effect in toothpaste. The FDA does not recommend changing consumer use of triclosan containing products one way or the other due to currently insufficient safety evidence. Studies by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) found triclosan to be an effective antibacterial. Triclosan safety is currently under review by the FDA and Health Canada. 3380-34-5 5564 C12H7Cl3O2 White powder. 55-57°C 120°C A study conducted in 2000 demonstrated that low amounts of triclosan can be absorbed through skin and can enter the bloodstream. (A7866) Triclosan is rapidly absorbed and distributed in the human body (Sandborgh-Englund et al., 2006). Maximum concentrations are reached within three hours after oral intake. However, the metabolism and excretion of the compound is fast. At in-use concentrations, triclosan acts as a biocide, with multiple cytoplasmic and membrane targets. At lower concentrations, however, triclosan appears bacteriostatic and is seen to target bacteria mainly by inhibiting fatty acid synthesis. Triclosan binds to bacterial enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase enzyme (ENR), which is encoded by the gene FabI. This binding increases the enzyme's affinity for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). This results in the formation of a stable ternary complex of ENR-NAD+-triclosan, which is unable to participate in fatty acid synthesis. Fatty acids are necessary for reproducing and building cell membranes. Humans do not have an ENR enzyme, and thus are not affected. Triclosan is prone to phase II metabolism via sulfotransferase and glucuronosyltransferase enzymes (Wang et al., 2004). In humans the resulting conjugates are excreted primarily in urine (Sandborgh-Englund et al., 2006). In one study, after in vivo topical application of a 64.5mM alcoholic solution of [(3)H]triclosan to rat skin, 12% radioactivity was recovered in the faeces, 8% in the carcass 1% in the urine, 30% in the stratum corneum and 26% was rinsed from the skin surface at 24 hours after application. (A7866) The terminal plasma half life of triclosan is 21 h (Sandborgh-Englund et al., 2006). Oral LD50, Rat: 3700 mg/kg; Dermal LD50, Rabbit: 9300 mg/kg No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC). Triclosan is used in a variety of common household products, including soaps, mouthwashes, dish detergents, toothpastes, deodorants, and hand sanitizers. It is also used in health care settings in surgical scrubs and personnel hand washes. 2013-04-25T07:56:55Z 2014-12-24T20:26:34Z Triclosan C12059 164200 DB08604 true OC1=C(OC2=C(Cl)C=C(Cl)C=C2)C=CC(Cl)=C1 C12H7Cl3O2 InChI=1S/C12H7Cl3O2/c13-7-1-3-11(9(15)5-7)17-12-4-2-8(14)6-10(12)16/h1-6,16H InChIKey=XEFQLINVKFYRCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 289.542 287.951162589 Exogenous Solid HMDB61385 CHEMBL849 5363 <p>Michael A. Mitchell, &#8220;Process For Producing Triclosan-Coated Superabsorbents.&#8221; U.S. Patent US20120157302, issued June 21, 2012.</p>