3705 Dimethyl phthalate Dimethyl phthalate is a phthalate ester. Phthalate esters are esters of phthalic acid and are mainly used as plasticizers, primarily used to soften polyvinyl chloride. They are found in a number of products, including glues, building materials, personal care products, detergents and surfactants, packaging, children's toys, paints, pharmaceuticals, food products, and textiles. Phthalates are hazardous due to their ability to act as endocrine disruptors. They are being phased out of many products in the United States and European Union due to these health concerns. (L1903) 131-11-3 8554 C10H10O4 Colorless liquid. 5.5°C 283 - 284 °C 1.19 g/cm3 4 mg/mL at 25°C 146 °C Oral (L1903) ; inhalation (L1903) ; dermal (L1903) Phthalate esters are endocrine disruptors. They decrease foetal testis testosterone production and reduce the expression of steroidogenic genes by decreasing mRNA expression. Some phthalates have also been shown to reduce the expression of insulin-like peptide 3 (insl3), an important hormone secreted by the Leydig cell necessary for development of the gubernacular ligament. Animal studies have shown that these effects disrupt reproductive development and can cause a number of malformations in affected young. (A2883) Phthalate esters are first hydrolyzed to their monoester derivative. Once formed, the monoester derivative can be further hydrolyzed in vivo to phthalic acid or conjugated to glucuronide, both of which can then be excreted. The terminal or next-to-last carbon atom in the monoester can also be oxidized to an alcohol, which can be excreted as is or first oxidized to an aldehyde, ketone, or carboxylic acid. The monoester and oxidative metabolites are excreted in the urine and faeces. (A2884) LD50: 6800 mg/kg (Oral, Rat) (T13) LD50: 3375 mg/kg (Intraperitoneal, Rat) (T13) LD50: 38000 mg/kg (Dermal, Rat) (L1332) LD50: 324 mg/kg (Intravenous, Rat) (L1332) No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC). Dimethyl phthalate is an ectoparasiticide and has many other uses, including in solid rocket propellants, plastics, and insect repellants. (L1906) Phthalate esters are endocrine disruptors. Animal studies have shown that they disrupt reproductive development and can cause a number of malformations in affected young, such as reduced anogenital distance (AGD), cryptorchidism, hypospadias, and reduced fertility. The combination of effects associated with phthalates is called 'phthalate syndrome’. (A2883) Phthalate esters are endocrine disruptors and can cause a number of developmental malformations termed 'phthalate syndrome'. (A2883) 2009-12-04T03:13:09Z 2014-12-24T20:26:17Z http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dimethyl_phthalate C11233 17747 true COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OC C10H10O4 InChI=1S/C10H10O4/c1-13-9(11)7-5-3-4-6-8(7)10(12)14-2/h3-6H,1-2H3 InChIKey=NIQCNGHVCWTJSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 194.184 194.057908808 Exogenous Liquid CHEMBL323348 13837329