3163 Diphtheria toxin (Corynephage omega) Diphtheria toxin is an exotoxin secreted by Corynebacterium diphtheriae, the pathogen bacterium that causes diphtheria. (L1771) 60814.154999999875 Clear solution. >10 mg/mL Oral (L249) ; inhalation (L249) ; dermal (L249) Diphtheria toxin consists of a single polypeptide. Proteolysis yields two fragments (A and B) which are held together by a disulfide bond. The toxin binds to EGF-like domain of Heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF) through fragment B and is internalized with HB-EGF by receptor-mediated endocytosis. Diphtheria toxin then catalyzes the ADP-ribosylation of eukaryotic elongation factor-2 (eEF2), inactivating this protein. It does so by ADP-ribosylating the unusual aminoacid diphthamide. In this way, it acts as a RNA translational inhibitor. (L1771) Free toxin may be removed by opsonization via the reticuloendothelial system (primarily the liver and kidneys) or it may be degraded through cellular internalization via the lysosomes. Lysosomes are membrane-enclosed organelles that contain an array of digestive enzymes, including several proteases. 100 nanogram/kg for an adult human. (L1771) No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC). Diphtheria toxin is an exotoxin secreted by Corynebacterium diphtheriae, the pathogen bacterium that causes diphtheria. (L1771) Diphtheria toxin is an exotoxin secreted by Corynebacterium diphtheriae, the pathogen bacterium that causes diphtheria. Diphtheria is an upper respiratory tract illness that causes the progressive deterioration of myelin sheaths in the central and peripheral nervous system leading to degenerating motor control and loss of sensation. A massive release of toxin into the body will likely cause lethal necrosis of the heart and liver. (L1771, L1772) Diphtheria is characterized by sore throat, low fever, fatigue, problems swallowing, and an adherent membrane (a pseudomembrane) on the tonsils, pharynx, and/or nasal cavity. Affected people may also experience more generalized symptoms, such as listlessness, pallor, and fast heart rate. Low blood pressure may also develop. Longer-term effects of the diphtheria toxin include cardiomyopathy and peripheral neuropathy (sensory type).(L1772) Diphtheria may be treated with the diphtheria anti-toxin. Since the antitoxin does not neutralize toxin that is already bound to tissues, delaying its administration is associated with an increase in mortality risk. Antibiotics have not been demonstrated to affect healing of local infection, but they can be used in patients or carriers to eradicate C. diphtheriae and prevent its transmission to others. Recommended antibiotics include erythromycin and procaine penicillin G. (L1772) 2009-07-30T17:55:45Z 2014-12-24T20:25:59Z http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diphtheria P00587 Diphtheria toxin Corynephage omega true Exogenous Liquid 1ddt_bio_r_500.jpg image/jpeg 83534 2014-10-14T18:14:10Z BSEQ0002719