<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<compound>
  <id type="integer">3130</id>
  <title>T3D3088</title>
  <common-name>Thionin (Pyrularia pubera)</common-name>
  <description>Thionins are small plant proteins that are toxic to animal cells. They are mainly found in seeds where they may act as a defence against consumption by animals. (L1249)</description>
  <cas></cas>
  <pubchem-id></pubchem-id>
  <chemical-formula nil="true"/>
  <weight>5288.109999999999</weight>
  <appearance>Clear solution.</appearance>
  <melting-point></melting-point>
  <boiling-point></boiling-point>
  <density nil="true"/>
  <solubility>&gt;10 mg/mL</solubility>
  <specific-gravity nil="true"/>
  <flash-point nil="true"/>
  <vapour-pressure nil="true"/>
  <route-of-exposure>Injestion or dermal contact. (L1817)</route-of-exposure>
  <target nil="true"/>
  <mechanism-of-toxicity>Thionins are thought to attack the cell membrane and render it permeable. This results in the inhibition of sugar uptake and allows potassium and phosphate ions, proteins, and nucleotides to leak from cells. (L1249)</mechanism-of-toxicity>
  <metabolism>Free toxin may be removed by opsonization via the reticuloendothelial system (primarily the liver and kidneys) or it may be degraded through cellular internalization via the lysosomes. Lysosomes are membrane-enclosed organelles that contain an array of digestive enzymes, including several proteases.</metabolism>
  <toxicity></toxicity>
  <lethaldose></lethaldose>
  <carcinogenicity>No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).</carcinogenicity>
  <use-source>Thionins are small plant proteins that are toxic to animal cells. They are mainly found in seeds where they may act as a defence against consumption by animals. (L1249)</use-source>
  <min-risk-level></min-risk-level>
  <health-effects>Thionins are cytotoxic to animal cells. (L1249)</health-effects>
  <symptoms>Thionins are cytotoxic to animal cells. (L1249)</symptoms>
  <treatment></treatment>
  <created-at type="dateTime">2009-07-23T18:26:10Z</created-at>
  <updated-at type="dateTime">2014-12-24T20:25:58Z</updated-at>
  <interacting-proteins nil="true"/>
  <wikipedia></wikipedia>
  <uniprot-id>P07504</uniprot-id>
  <kegg-compound-id></kegg-compound-id>
  <omim-id></omim-id>
  <chebi-id></chebi-id>
  <biocyc-id></biocyc-id>
  <ctd-id></ctd-id>
  <stitch-id>Thionin</stitch-id>
  <drugbank-id></drugbank-id>
  <pdb-id nil="true"/>
  <actor-id></actor-id>
  <organism nil="true"/>
  <export type="boolean">true</export>
  <metabolizing-proteins nil="true"/>
  <transporting-proteins nil="true"/>
  <moldb-smiles nil="true"/>
  <moldb-formula nil="true"/>
  <moldb-inchi nil="true"/>
  <moldb-inchikey nil="true"/>
  <moldb-average-mass type="decimal" nil="true"/>
  <moldb-mono-mass type="decimal" nil="true"/>
  <origin>Exogenous</origin>
  <state>Liquid</state>
  <logp></logp>
  <hmdb-id></hmdb-id>
  <chembl-id></chembl-id>
  <chemspider-id></chemspider-id>
  <structure-image-file-name>1gps_asym_r_500.jpg</structure-image-file-name>
  <structure-image-content-type>image/jpeg</structure-image-content-type>
  <structure-image-file-size type="integer">33231</structure-image-file-size>
  <structure-image-updated-at type="dateTime">2014-10-14T18:14:10Z</structure-image-updated-at>
  <biodb-id>BSEQ0008524</biodb-id>
  <synthesis-reference></synthesis-reference>
  <structure-image-caption nil="true"/>
</compound>
