2759 Enflurane Enflurane is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is an extremely stable inhalation anesthetic that allows rapid adjustments of anesthesia depth with little change in pulse or respiratory rate. [PubChem]Enflurane induces a reduction in junctional conductance by decreasing gap junction channel opening times and increasing gap junction channel closing times. Enflurane also activates calcium dependent ATPase in the sarcoplasmic reticulum by increasing the fluidity of the lipid membrane. It also appears to bind the D subunit of ATP synthase and NADH dehydogenase. Enflurane also binds to and angonizes the GABA receptor, the large conductance Ca²⁺ activated potassium channel, the glycine receptor, and antagonizes the glutamate receptor receptor. These yield a decreased depolarization and therefore, tissue excitability which results in anesthesia. 13838-16-9 3226 C3H2ClF5O 183.971430 56.5 5620 mg/L (at 37°C) Rapidly absorbed into the circulation via the lungs. Enflurane induces a reduction in junctional conductance by decreasing gap junction channel opening times and increasing gap junction channel closing times. Enflurane also activates calcium dependent ATPase in the sarcoplasmic reticulum by increasing the fluidity of the lipid membrane. It also appears to bind the D subunit of ATP synthase and NADH dehydogenase. Enflurane also binds to and angonizes the GABA receptor, the large conductance Ca²⁺ activated potassium channel, the glycine receptor, and antagonizes the glutamate receptor receptor. These yield a decreased depolarization and therefore, tissue excitability which results in anesthesia. 2.4% of the dose is slowly metabolized hepatically via oxidation and dehalogenation (primarily through the actions of cytochrome P450 2E1). Leads to low levels of serum fluoride (15 &micro;mol/L). LD50: 5.4 ml/kg (oral, rat). No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC). Used for the induction and maintenance of general anaesthesia during surgery and cesarean section and also used for analgesia during vaginal delivery. Symptoms of acute overdose include nausea, vomiting, irritation to the eyes, skin and nose/throat, headache, dizziness, and drowsiness. Symptoms of chronic overdose include hypotension, cardiac arrhythmias, respiratory depression, and liver/kidney dysfunction. 2009-07-21T20:26:19Z 2014-12-24T20:25:50Z Enflurane C07516 4792 Enflurane DB00228 true FC(F)OC(F)(F)C(F)Cl C3H2ClF5O InChI=1/C3H2ClF5O/c4-1(5)3(8,9)10-2(6)7/h1-2H InChIKey=JPGQOUSTVILISH-UHFFFAOYNA-N 184.492 183.971433418 Exogenous Liquid 2.1 HMDB14373 CHEMBL1257 3113 <p>Terrell, R.C.; U.S. Patents 3,469,011; September 23,1969 and 3,527,813; September 8,<br /> 1970; both assigned to Air Reduction Company, Incorporated.</p>