2646 Listeriolysin O Listeriolysin O (LLO) is a hemolysin produced by the bacterium Listeria monocytogenes, the pathogen responsible for causing listeriosis. The toxin may be considered a virulence factor, since it is crucial for the virulence of L. monocytogenes. (L1740) 112627-82-4 58687.669999999925 Clear solution. >10 mg/mL Ingestion (L1816) ; inhalation (L1816) ; dermal (L1816) Listeriolysin O is a thiol-activated cholesterol-dependent pore forming toxin protein. LLO is selectively activated within the acidic phagosomes of cells that have phagocytosed L. monocytogenes. After LLO lyses the phagosome, the bacterium escapes into the cytosol, where it can grow intracellularly, protected from extracellular immune system factors. LLO also causes dephosphorylation of histone H3 and deacetylation of histone H4 during the early phases of infection, prior to entry of L. monocytogenes into the host cell. The alterations of the histones cause the down regulation of genes encoding proteins involved in the inflammatory response. Thus, LLO may be important in subverting the host immune response to L. monocytogenes. (L1740) Free toxin may be removed by opsonization via the reticuloendothelial system (primarily the liver and kidneys) or it may be degraded through cellular internalization via the lysosomes. Lysosomes are membrane-enclosed organelles that contain an array of digestive enzymes, including several proteases. 3-12 ug/kg for mice. (A2855) No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC). Listeriolysin O (LLO) is a hemolysin produced by the bacterium Listeria monocytogenes, the pathogen responsible for causing listeriosis. (L1740) Listeriolysin O (LLO) is a hemolysin produced by the bacterium Listeria monocytogenes, the pathogen responsible for causing listeriosis. The toxin may be considered a virulence factor, since it is crucial for the virulence of L. monocytogenes. Listeriosis is a bacterial disease which may effect the central nervous system, gastrointestional system, or developmental process. (L1740, L1741) Listeriosis symptoms include vomiting, nausea, stomach cramps, diarrhea, severe headache, constipation, persistent fever, stiff neck, loss of balance and convulsions. (L1741) Ampicillin generally is considered the antibiotic of choice, though gentamicin is added frequently for its synergistic effects. (L1741) 2009-07-06T18:11:29Z 2014-12-24T20:25:46Z http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Listeriolysin_O P13128 Listeriolysin O 4CDB true Exogenous Liquid 4cdb_bio_r_500.jpg image/jpeg 34926 2014-10-14T18:13:35Z BSEQ0008484