2638 Toxin A (Clostridium difficile) Toxins A and B are toxins from Clostridium difficile; they are the major pathogenicity factors of the antibiotic-associated diarrhea and the pseudomembranous colitis. Toxins A and B belong to the large clostridial cytotoxins family. Toxins A and B are also classified in the A-B bacterial toxin family. They are single-chain protein toxins constituted with three domains: receptor-binding, translocation, and a catalytic domain exhibiting a glycosyltransferase activity. (A341 , A340) 308052.7650000041 Clear solution. >10 mg/mL Ingestion (L1816) ; inhalation (L1816) ; dermal (L1816) Rho GTPases are activated by glucosylation (for example RhoA at Thr37). The toxins catalyze the transfer of a glucosyl moiety from UDP-glucose to the Rho GTPases. The covalent attachment of the glucose moiety to a conserved threonine within the effector region of the GTPases renders the Rho-GTPases functionally inactive. As a consequence, the actin cytoskeleton is disaggregated and this is accompanied by cell rounding and formation of an arborized morphology. (A341, A340) Free toxin may be removed by opsonization via the reticuloendothelial system (primarily the liver and kidneys) or it may be degraded through cellular internalization via the lysosomes. Lysosomes are membrane-enclosed organelles that contain an array of digestive enzymes, including several proteases. LD50: 500 ng/kg (Intraperitoneal, Mouse) (A2855) No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC). Toxins A and B are toxins from Clostridium difficile; they are the major pathogenicity factors of the antibiotic-associated diarrhea and the pseudomembranous colitis. (A341 , A340) Toxins A is an enterotoxin from Clostridium difficile and causes antibiotic-associated diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis. (A341 , A340, L1730) Symptoms of Clostridium difficile infection include bloating, constipation, and diarrhea with abdominal pain, which may become severe. Latent symptoms often mimic some flu-like symptoms. (L1730) The antibiotics metronidazole and vancomycin have been shown to be effective against Clostridium difficile. (L1730) 2009-07-06T18:11:25Z 2014-12-24T20:25:45Z P16154 Toxin A 2F6E true Exogenous Liquid 2f6e_bio_r_500.jpg image/jpeg 26351 2014-10-14T18:13:30Z BSEQ0008479