836 Bergamottin Bergamottin is found in citrus. Bergamottin is a constituent of bergamot oil. Also from lemon oil and oils of other Citrus species and carrot (Daucus carota) Bergamottin is a natural furanocoumarin found principally in grapefruit juice. It is also found in the oil of bergamot, from which it was first isolated and from which its name is derived. To a lesser extent, bergamottin is also present in the essential oils of other citrus fruits. Along with the chemically related compound 6 ,7 -dihydroxybergamottin, it is believed to be responsible for the grapefruit juice effect in which the consumption of the juice affects the metabolism of a variety of pharmaceutical drugs. Bergamottin has been shown to exhibit anti-tumor function (A7783). 7380-40-7 7251175 C21H22O4 338.151810 White powder. 59 - 61°C Bergamottin is a potent chemopreventive agent against aflatoxin B1-inducible cyotoxicity in H4IIE cells with a bifunctional effects on glutathione S-transferase and CYP1A. Potent inhibitor and inactivator of cytochrome P450 1A1-mediated monooxygenase in both murine hepatic microsomes and in a reconstituted system using purified human P450 1A1 (L579). The mechanism of action many furocoumarins is based on their ability to form photoadducts with DNA and other cellular components such as RNA, proteins, and several proteins found in the membrane such as phospholipases A2 and C, Ca-dependent and cAMPdependent protein-kinase and epidermal growth factor. Furocoumarins intercalate between base pairs of DNA and after ultraviolet-A irradiation, giving cycloadducts. (L579) Not listed by IARC. IARC has assessed other furocoumarins, classifying 8-methoxypsoralen as carcinogenic to humans (Group 1), 5-methoxypsoralen as possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2A), and certain other furocoumarins as not being classifiable as to their carcinogenicity to humans (Group 3). (L135) The furocoumarin 8-methoxypsoralen is carcinogenic to humans, and possibly 5-methoxypsoralen as well (L135). There is some evidence from mouse studies that other furocoumarins are carcinogenic when combined with exposure to UVA radiation (A15105). The SKLM regards the additional risk of skin cancer arising from the consumption of typical quantities of furocoumarin-containing foods, which remain significantly below the range of phototoxic doses, as insignificant. However, the consumption of phototoxic quantities cannot be ruled out for certain foods, particularly celery and parsnips, that may lead to significant increases in furocoumarin concentrations, depending on the storage, processing and production conditions. (L2157) Furocoumarin photochemotherapy is known to induce a number of side-effects including erythema, edema, hyperpigmentation, and premature aging of skin. All photobiological effects of furocoumarins result from their photochemical reactions. Because many dietary or water soluble furocoumarins are strong inhibitors of cytochrome P450s, they will also cause adverse drug reactions when taken with other drugs. 2009-06-08T18:13:20Z 2014-12-24T20:22:52Z http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bergamottin C068337 Bergamottin true [H]\C(COC1=C2C=COC2=CC2=C1C=CC(=O)O2)=C(\C)CCC=C(C)C C21H22O4 InChI=1S/C21H22O4/c1-14(2)5-4-6-15(3)9-11-24-21-16-7-8-20(22)25-19(16)13-18-17(21)10-12-23-18/h5,7-10,12-13H,4,6,11H2,1-3H3/b15-9+ InChIKey=DBMJZOMNXBSRED-OQLLNIDSSA-N 338.397 338.151809192 Exogenous Solid HMDB33782 5584831