105 Chlorobenzene Chlorobenzene is an aromatic organic compound with the chemical formula C6H5Cl. This colorless, flammable liquid is a common solvent and a widely used intermediate in the manufacture of other chemicals. Rhodococcus phenolicus is a bacterium species able to degrade chlorobenzene as sole carbon sources. Chlorobenzene exhibits low to moderate toxicity as indicated by its LD50 of 2.9 g/kg. Chronic (long-term) exposure of humans to chlorobenzene affects the central nervous system (CNS). Signs of neurotoxicity in humans include numbness, cyanosis, hyperesthesia (increased sensation), and muscle spasms. 108-90-7 7964 C6H5Cl 112.007980 Colorless liquid. -45.2°C 132°C (269.6°F) 0.498 mg/mL at 25°C Oral (L200) ; inhalation (L200) The reactive metabolites of chlorobenzene are believed to bind both liver and kidney proteins, causing direct damage. Chlorobenzene also activates nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, inducing the release of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) by lung epithelial cells, causing an inflammatory reponse. (T36, A141) Chlorobenzene is known to be absorbed via ingestion and inhahation. As it is a lipophilic compound, chlorobenzene distributes preferentially to adipose tissue. It is metabolized by cytochrome P-450 enzymes into its major metabolite 4-chlorocatechol. Unchanged chlorobenzene is exhalted and its metabolites are excreted mainly in the urine. (L200) LD50: 515 mg/kg (Intraperitoneal, Mouse) (T26) LD50: 2290 mg/kg (Oral, Rat) (T26) LD50: 1110 mg/kg (Subcutaneous, Rat) (T26) No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC). Chlorobenzene is used as a solvent for some pesticide formulations, to degrease automobile parts, and as a chemical intermediate to make several other chemicals. (L200) Intermediate Oral: 0.4 mg/kg/day (L134) Effects on the central nervous system from breathing chlorobenzene may include unconsciousness and death. Chronic exposure can cause liver and kidney damage. (L200) Symptoms of chlorobenzene exposure include headaches, nausea, sleepiness, numbness, and vomiting. Effects on the central nervous system from breathing chlorobenzene include unconsciousness, tremors, restlessness, and death. (L200) Treatment is mainly symptomatic and supportive. (T36) 2009-03-06T18:58:05Z 2014-12-24T20:21:07Z http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorobenzene C06990 28097 CPD-1125 C031294 Chlorobenzene 8CL 300 true ClC1=CC=CC=C1 C6H5Cl InChI=1S/C6H5Cl/c7-6-4-2-1-3-5-6/h1-5H InChIKey=MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 112.557 112.007977867 Exogenous Liquid 2.84 HMDB41855 CHEMBL16200 7676