Transforming growth factor beta-1

NameTransforming growth factor beta-1
Synonyms
  • TGF-beta-1
  • TGFB
Gene NameTGFB1
OrganismHuman
Amino acid sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0021834|Transforming growth factor beta-1
MPPSGLRLLLLLLPLLWLLVLTPGRPAAGLSTCKTIDMELVKRKRIEAIRGQILSKLRLA
SPPSQGEVPPGPLPEAVLALYNSTRDRVAGESAEPEPEPEADYYAKEVTRVLMVETHNEI
YDKFKQSTHSIYMFFNTSELREAVPEPVLLSRAELRLLRLKLKVEQHVELYQKYSNNSWR
YLSNRLLAPSDSPEWLSFDVTGVVRQWLSRGGEIEGFRLSAHCSCDSRDNTLQVDINGFT
TGRRGDLATIHGMNRPFLLLMATPLERAQHLQSSRHRRALDTNYCFSSTEKNCCVRQLYI
DFRKDLGWKWIHEPKGYHANFCLGPCPYIWSLDTQYSKVLALYNQHNPGASAAPCCVPQA
LEPLPIVYYVGRKPKVEQLSNMIVRSCKCS
Number of residues390
Molecular Weight44340.685
Theoretical pI8.63
GO Classification
Functions
  • enzyme binding
  • cytokine activity
  • type I transforming growth factor beta receptor binding
  • type II transforming growth factor beta receptor binding
  • type III transforming growth factor beta receptor binding
  • glycoprotein binding
  • antigen binding
Processes
  • oligodendrocyte development
  • positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation
  • positive regulation of exit from mitosis
  • response to vitamin D
  • cell development
  • negative regulation of gene expression
  • defense response to fungus, incompatible interaction
  • negative regulation of ossification
  • negative regulation of extracellular matrix disassembly
  • blood coagulation
  • regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway
  • positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
  • positive regulation of cell cycle arrest
  • protein import into nucleus, translocation
  • regulation of apoptotic process
  • frontal suture morphogenesis
  • aging
  • evasion or tolerance of host defenses by virus
  • female pregnancy
  • positive regulation of peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation
  • positive regulation of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis
  • protein phosphorylation
  • positive regulation of protein complex assembly
  • positive regulation of protein secretion
  • epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway
  • negative regulation of macrophage cytokine production
  • cellular response to dexamethasone stimulus
  • negative regulation of hyaluronan biosynthetic process
  • myelination
  • connective tissue replacement involved in inflammatory response wound healing
  • positive regulation of fibroblast migration
  • response to hypoxia
  • negative regulation of myoblast differentiation
  • negative regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration
  • positive regulation of apoptotic process
  • ossification involved in bone remodeling
  • Notch signaling pathway
  • negative regulation of protein localization to plasma membrane
  • cellular calcium ion homeostasis
  • extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway
  • response to drug
  • positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration
  • lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway
  • positive regulation of interleukin-17 production
  • negative regulation of cell cycle
  • positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation
  • salivary gland morphogenesis
  • positive regulation of protein dephosphorylation
  • negative regulation of skeletal muscle tissue development
  • ATP biosynthetic process
  • negative regulation of interleukin-17 production
  • negative regulation of gene silencing by miRNA
  • positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation
  • platelet degranulation
  • mitotic cell cycle checkpoint
  • active induction of host immune response by virus
  • positive regulation of protein phosphorylation
  • SMAD protein import into nucleus
  • regulation of blood vessel remodeling
  • positive regulation of extracellular matrix assembly
  • negative regulation of T cell proliferation
  • negative regulation of phagocytosis
  • viral life cycle
  • positive regulation of SMAD protein import into nucleus
  • inner ear development
  • germ cell migration
  • cellular response to organic cyclic compound
  • positive regulation of histone acetylation
  • regulation of actin cytoskeleton reorganization
  • macrophage derived foam cell differentiation
  • regulation of sodium ion transport
  • positive regulation of isotype switching to IgA isotypes
  • positive regulation of MAP kinase activity
  • negative regulation of protein phosphorylation
  • hyaluronan catabolic process
  • SMAD protein signal transduction
  • positive regulation of chemotaxis
  • tolerance induction to self antigen
  • lymph node development
  • cellular response to transforming growth factor beta stimulus
  • extracellular matrix assembly
  • response to glucose
  • positive regulation of NAD+ ADP-ribosyltransferase activity
  • phosphate-containing compound metabolic process
  • mammary gland branching involved in thelarche
  • positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity
  • positive regulation of cell proliferation
  • regulation of DNA binding
  • SMAD protein complex assembly
  • positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation
  • extracellular matrix organization
  • positive regulation of vascular permeability
  • positive regulation of smooth muscle cell differentiation
  • positive regulation of transcription regulatory region DNA binding
  • inflammatory response
  • negative regulation of DNA replication
  • positive regulation of collagen biosynthetic process
  • mononuclear cell proliferation
  • digestive tract development
  • cell-cell junction organization
  • face morphogenesis
  • negative regulation of mitotic cell cycle
  • regulation of branching involved in mammary gland duct morphogenesis
  • regulation of cartilage development
  • chondrocyte differentiation
  • cell growth
  • common-partner SMAD protein phosphorylation
  • transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway
  • response to wounding
  • positive regulation of odontogenesis
  • epithelial to mesenchymal transition
  • protein export from nucleus
  • positive regulation of cell migration
  • endoderm development
  • negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
  • negative regulation of cell growth
  • regulation of interleukin-23 production
  • cell cycle arrest
  • negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway
  • positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production
  • positive regulation of cellular protein metabolic process
  • negative regulation of neuroblast proliferation
  • negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation
  • hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation
  • positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition
  • receptor catabolic process
  • positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling
  • regulation of protein import into nucleus
  • response to radiation
  • regulation of binding
  • positive regulation of gene expression
  • negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
  • negative regulation of cell-cell adhesion
  • ureteric bud development
  • T cell homeostasis
  • positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
  • negative regulation of fat cell differentiation
  • negative regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol
  • organ regeneration
  • regulation of striated muscle tissue development
  • response to cholesterol
  • pathway-restricted SMAD protein phosphorylation
  • negative regulation of cell differentiation
  • positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity
  • positive regulation of protein import into nucleus
  • response to estradiol
  • MAPK cascade
  • positive regulation of histone deacetylation
  • response to progesterone
  • regulatory T cell differentiation
  • platelet activation
  • positive regulation of bone mineralization
  • adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains
  • protein kinase B signaling
  • positive regulation of superoxide anion generation
  • myeloid dendritic cell differentiation
  • negative regulation of cell proliferation
  • lens fiber cell differentiation
  • modulation by virus of host morphology or physiology
  • regulation of cell migration
  • positive regulation of pathway-restricted SMAD protein phosphorylation
  • branch elongation involved in mammary gland duct branching
  • response to laminar fluid shear stress
Components
  • cytoplasm
  • extracellular region
  • nucleus
  • platelet alpha granule lumen
  • blood microparticle
  • plasma membrane
  • Golgi lumen
  • extracellular space
  • proteinaceous extracellular matrix
  • neuronal cell body
  • axon
  • cell surface
General FunctionType iii transforming growth factor beta receptor binding
Specific FunctionMultifunctional protein that controls proliferation, differentiation and other functions in many cell types. Many cells synthesize TGFB1 and have specific receptors for it. It positively and negatively regulates many other growth factors. It plays an important role in bone remodeling as it is a potent stimulator of osteoblastic bone formation, causing chemotaxis, proliferation and differentiation in committed osteoblasts. Can promote either T-helper 17 cells (Th17) or regulatory T-cells (Treg) lineage differentiation in a concentration-dependent manner. At high concentrations, leads to FOXP3-mediated suppression of RORC and down-regulation of IL-17 expression, favoring Treg cell development. At low concentrations in concert with IL-6 and IL-21, leads to expression of the IL-17 and IL-23 receptors, favoring differentiation to Th17 cells.
Pfam Domain Function
Transmembrane RegionsNot Available
GenBank Protein ID1212989
UniProtKB IDP01137
UniProtKB Entry NameTGFB1_HUMAN
Cellular LocationSecreted
Gene sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0021835|Transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGFB1)
ATGCCGCCCTCCGGGCTGCGGCTGCTGCCGCTGCTGCTACCGCTGCTGTGGCTACTGGTG
CTGACGCCTGGCCGGCCGGCCGCGGGACTATCCACCTGCAAGACTATCGACATGGAGCTG
GTGAAGCGGAAGCGCATCGAGGCCATCCGCGGCCAGATCCTGTCCAAGCTGCGGCTCGCC
AGCCCCCCGAGCCAGGGGGAGGTGCCGCCCGGCCCGCTGCCCGAGGCCGTGCTCGCCCTG
TACAACAGCACCCGCGACCGGGTGGCCGGGGAGAGTGCAGAACCGGAGCCCGAGCCTGAG
GCCGACTACTACGCCAAGGAGGTCACCCGCGTGCTAATGGTGGAAACCCACAACGAAATC
TATGACAAGTTCAAGCAGAGTACACACAGCATATATATGTTCTTCAACACATCAGAGCTC
CGAGAAGCGGTACCTGAACCCGTGTTGCTCTCCCGGGCAGAGCTGCGTCTGCTGAGGCTC
AAGTTAAAAGTGGAGCAGCACGTGGAGCTGTACCAGAAATACAGCAACAATTCCTGGCGA
TACCTCAGCAACCGGCTGCTGGCACCCAGCGACTCGCCAGAGTGGTTATCTTTTGATGTC
ACCGGAGTTGTGCGGCAGTGGTTGAGCCGTGGAGGGGAAATTGAGGGCTTTCGCCTTAGC
GCCCACTGCTCCTGTGACAGCAGGGATAACACACTGCAAGTGGACATCAACGGGTTCACT
ACCGGCCGCCGAGGTGACCTGGCCACCATTCATGGCATGAACCGGCCTTTCCTGCTTCTC
ATGGCCACCCCGCTGGAGAGGGCCCAGCATCTGCAAAGCTCCCGGCACCGCCGAGCCCTG
GACACCAACTATTGCTTCAGCTCCACGGAGAAGAACTGCTGCGTGCGGCAGCTGTACATT
GACTTCCGCAAGGACCTCGGCTGGAAGTGGATCCACGAGCCCAAGGGCTACCATGCCAAC
TTCTGCCTCGGGCCCTGCCCCTACATTTGGAGCCTGGACACGCAGTACAGCAAGGTCCTG
GCCCTGTACAACCAGCATAACCCGGGCGCCTCGGCGGCGCCGTGCTGCGTGCCGCAGGCG
CTGGAGCCGCTGCCCATCGTGTACTACGTGGGCCGCAAGCCCAAGGTGGAGCAGCTGTCC
AACATGATCGTGCGCTCCTGCAAGTGCAGCTGA
GenBank Gene IDX05839
GeneCard IDNot Available
GenAtlas IDTGFB1
HGNC IDHGNC:11766
Chromosome Location19
Locus19q13.2|19q13.1
References
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