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Showing toxin card for Verruculogen (T3D3782)

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Version 1.0
Creation Date 2010-06-10 15:41:06
Update Date 2010-06-10 15:41:06
Accession Number T3D3782
Name Verruculogen
Compound Type
  • Mycotoxin
  • Organic Compound
Description Verruculogen is a tremorgenic mycotoxin that has been found in fungi of the genera Penicillium and Aspergillus. It may be found in contaminated cereal crops such as oats, barley, millet, corn and rice. Tremorgenic mycotoxins affect central nervous system activity and have been implicated in a number of neurologic diseases of cattle collectively known as "staggers syndromes". (W824)
Synonyms
  1. verruculogen
  2. Verruculogen TR 1
  3. TR1
  4. (5R-(5alpha,10 alpha,10aalpha,14aalpha,15balpha))-1,10,10a,14,14a,15b-Hexahydro-10,10a-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-5-(2-methyl-1-propenyl)-5H,12H-3,4-dioxa-5a,11a,15a-triaza cyclooct (1m) indeno (5,6-b)fluorene-11,15(2H,13H)-dione
  5. 5H,12H-3,4-Dioxa-5a,11a,15a-triazacyclooct(lm)indeno(5,6-b)fluorene-11,15(2H,13H)-dione, 1,10,10a,14,14a,15b-hexahydro-10,10a-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-5-(2-methyl-1-propenyl)-, (5R,10S,10aR,14aS,15bS)-
  6. 5H,12H-3,4-Dioxa-5a,11a,15a-triazacyclooct(lm)indeno(5,6-b)fluorene-11,15(2H,13H)-dione, 1,10,10a,14,14a,15b-hexahydro-10,10a-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-5-(2-methyl-1-propenyl)-,(5R-(5-alpha,10-alpha,10a-alpha,14a-alpha-15b-alpha))-
  7. 5H,12H-3,4-Dioxa-5a,11a,15a-triazacyclooct[lm]indeno[5,6-b]fluorene-11,15(2H,13H)-dione, 1,10,10a,14,14a,15b-hexahydro-10,10a-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-5-(2-methyl-1-propenyl)-, [5R-(5.alpha.,10.alpha.,10a.alpha.,14a.alpha.,15b.alpha.)]-
Chemical IUPAC Name Not Available
Chemical Formula Not Available
Chemical Structure Structure
CAS Registry Number 12771-72-1
InChI Identifier Not Available
InChI Key Not Available
PubChem Compound ID 104862 Link Image
KEGG ID Not Available
UniProt ID Not Available
OMIM ID Not Available
ChEBI ID Not Available
BioCyc ID Not Available
SuperToxic ID Not Available
CTD ID Not Available
Stitch ID Not Available
DrugBank ID Not Available
PDB ID Not Available
ACToR ID Not Available
Wikipedia Link Not Available
Monoisotopic Mass Not Available
MOL File Not Available
PDB File Not Available
SDF File
SMILES Not Available
Appearance Not Available
Melting Point Not Available
Solubility Not Available
Predicted LogP Not Available
Route of Exposure Oral, dermal, inhalation, and parenteral (contaminated drugs). (W967)
Mechanism of Action Tremorgenic mycotoxins exert their toxic effects by interfering with neurotransmitter release, possibly by causing degeneration of nerve terminals. They are thought to inhibit gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors, both pre- and postsynaptic, as well as inhibit transmitter breakdown at the GABA-T receptors. This would initially increase neurotransmitter levels, potentiating the GABA-induced chloride current, then lead to decreased levels of neurotransmitter in the synapse. In addition, verruculogen inhibits presynaptic high-conductance Ca+2 activated maxi-K+ channels in the smooth muscle. Verruculogen is also genotoxic and causes DNA damage. (W824, W845, W884)
Metabolism Not Available
Toxicity Values Not Available
Lethal Dose Not Available
Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification) Not Available
Uses/Sources Verruculogen is a tremorgenic mycotoxin that has been found in fungi of the genera Penicillium and Aspergillus. It may be found in contaminated cereal crops such as oats, barley, millet, corn and rice. (W824)
Minimum Risk Level Not Available
Health Effects Tremorgenic mycotoxins affect central nervous system activity. They cause a neurological disease of cattle known as "staggers syndrome". (W824)
Symptoms Tremorgenic mycotoxins affect central nervous system activity, inducing neurologic symptoms including mental confusion, paralysis, tremors, seizures, and death. They cause a neurological disease of cattle known as "staggers syndrome", which is characterized by muscle tremors, hyperexcitability, convulsions and ataxia. (W824)
Treatment To control severe tremors caused by tremorgenic mycotoxins, methocarbamol should be administered. Generalized seizures may be treated with diazepam followed by methocarbamol or a barbiturate such as pentobarbital sodium. Gastric lavage should be performed and activated charcoal administered to limit further absorption of toxins. (W825)
General References
  • W967 - Peraica M, Domijan AM. Contamination of food with mycotoxins and human health. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol. 2001 Mar;52(1):23-35. [PubMed Link Image]
  • W884 - Sabater-Vilar M, Nijmeijer S, Fink-Gremmels J. Genotoxicity assessment of five tremorgenic mycotoxins (fumitremorgen B, paxilline, penitrem A, verruculogen, and verrucosidin) produced by molds isolated from fermented meats. J Food Prot. 2003 Nov;66(11):2123-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  • W845 - Knaus HG, McManus OB, Lee SH, Schmalhofer WA, Garcia-Calvo M, Helms LM, Sanchez M, Giangiacomo K, Reuben JP, Smith AB 3rd, et al. Tremorgenic indole alkaloids potently inhibit smooth muscle high-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels. Biochemistry. 1994 May 17;33(19):5819-28. [PubMed Link Image]
  • W825 - Schell MM. Tremorgenic mycotoxin intoxication. Veterinary Medicine. 2000. []
  • W824 - Selala MI, Daelemans F, Schepens PJ. Fungal tremorgens: the mechanism of action of single nitrogen containing toxins--a hypothesis. Drug Chem Toxicol. 1989 Sep-Dec;12(3-4):237-57. [PubMed Link Image]
Targets
  1. 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, mitochondrial
  2. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1
  3. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2
  4. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3
  5. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4
  6. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5
  7. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6
  8. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1
  9. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2
  10. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3
  11. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta
  12. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon
  13. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1
  14. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2
  15. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3
  16. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi
  17. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-1
  18. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-2
  19. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-3
  20. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta
  21. Gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 1
  22. Gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 2
  23. Calcium-activated potassium channel subunit alpha-1
  24. Calcium-activated potassium channel subunit beta-1
  25. Calcium-activated potassium channel subunit beta-2
  26. Calcium-activated potassium channel subunit beta-3
  27. Calcium-activated potassium channel subunit beta-4
  28. DNA
Target 1 [top]
Target 1 ID 977
Target 1 Name 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, mitochondrial
Target 1 Mechanism of Action Tremorgenic mycotoxins are thought to inhibit gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors, both pre- and postsynaptic, as well as inhibit transmitter breakdown at the GABA-T receptors. This would initially increase neurotransmitter levels, potentiating the GABA-induced chloride current, then lead to decreased levels of neurotransmitter in the synapse. (W824)
Target 1 Description Catalyzes the conversion of gamma-aminobutyrate and L- beta-aminoisobutyrate to succinate semialdehyde and methylmalonate semialdehyde, respectively. Can also convert delta-aminovalerate and beta-alanine
Target 1 Synonyms
  1. Gamma-amino-N-butyrate transaminase; GABA transaminase; GABA-T; GABA aminotransferase; GABA-AT; L-AIBAT; (S)-3-amino-2-methylpropionate transaminase
Target 1 Gene Name ABAT
Target 1 Protein Sequence >4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, mitochondrial 
MASMLLAQRLACSFQHSYRLLVPGSRHISQAAAKVDVEFDYDGPLMKTEVPGPRSQELMK
QLNIIQNAEAVHFFCNYEESRGNYLVDVDGNRMLDLYSQISSVPIGYSHPALLKLIQQPQ
NASMFVNRPALGILPPENFVEKLRQSLLSVAPKGMSQLITMACGSCSNENALKTIFMWYR
SKERGQRGFSQEELETCMINQAPGCPDYSILSFMGAFHGRTMGCLATTHSKAIHKIDIPS
FDWPIAPFPRLKYPLEEFVKENQQEEARCLEEVEDLIVKYRKKKKTVAGIIVEPIQSEGG
DNHASDDFFRKLRDIARKHGCAFLVDEVQTGGGCTGKFWAHEHWGLDDPADVMTFSKKMM
TGGFFHKEEFRPNAPYRIFNTWLGDPSKNLLLAEVINIIKREDLLNNAAHAGKALLTGLL
DLQARYPQFISRVRGRGTFCSFDTPDDSIRNKLILIARNKGVVLGGCGDKSIRFRPTLVF
RDHHAHLFLNIFSDILADFK
Target 1 Number of Residues 500
Target 1 Molecular Weight 56438.4
Target 1 Theoretical pI 8.04
Target 1 GO Classification
Function
binding
vitamin binding
pyridoxal phosphate binding
catalytic activity
transferase activity
transferase activity, transferring nitrogenous groups
transaminase activity
4-aminobutyrate transaminase activity
Process
physiological process
metabolism
cellular metabolism
amino acid and derivative metabolism
amino acid derivative metabolism
gamma-aminobutyric acid metabolism
Component
Not Available
Target 1 General Function Amino acid transport and metabolism
Target 1 Pathways Not Available
Target 1 Reactions Not Available
Target 1 Signals
  • None
Target 1 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Target 1 Essentiality Non Essential
Target 1 Domain Function PF00202:Aminotran_3
Target 1 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Target 1 UniProtKB ID P80404 Link Image
Target 1 Cellular Location Mitochondrion matrix
Target 1 Gene Sequence >1503 bp 
ATGGCCTCCATGTTGCTCGCCCAGCGGCTGGCCTGCAGCTTCCAGCACACGTACCGCCTG
CTGGTGCCTGGATCCAGACACATTAGTCAAGCTGCAGCCAAAGTCGACGTTGAATTTGAT
TATGATGGGCCTCTGATGAAGACGGAAGTCCCAGGGCCTAGATCTCAGGAGTTAATGAAA
CAGCTGAATATAATTCAGAATGCAGAGGCTGTGCATTTTTTCTGCAATTACGAAGAGAGC
CGAGGCAATTACCTGGTTGATGTGGACGGCAACCGAATGCTGGATCTTTATTCCCAGATC
TCCTCTGTTCCCATAGGTTACAGCGACCCGGCCCTCGTGAAACTCATCCAACAGCCACAA
AATGCGAGCATGTTTGTCAACAGACCCGCCCTCGAAATCCTGCCTCCGGAGAACTTTGTG
GAGAAGCTCCGGCAGTCCTTGCTCTCGGTGGCTCCCAAAGGGATGTCCCAGCTCATCACC
ATGGCCTGCGGCTCCTGCTCCAATGAAAACGCCTTAAAGACCATCTTCATGTGGTACCGG
AGCAAGGAAAGAGGGCAGAGGGGATTCTCCAAAGAGGAGCTGGAGACGTGCATGATTAAC
CAGGCCCCCTGGTGCCCCGACTACAGCATCCTCTCCTTCATGGGTTCCTTCCATGGGAGG
ACCATGGGTTGCTTAGCGACCACGCACTCTAAAGCCATTCACAAGATCGATATCCCTTCC
TTTGACTGGCCCATCGCACCGTTCCCACGGCTGAAATACCCTCTGGAAGAGTTTGTGAAA
GAGAACCAACAGGAAGAGGCCGGCTGTCTGGAAGAGGTTGAGGATCTGATTGTGAAATAT
CGAAAAAAGAAGAAGACGGTGGCCGGGATCATCGTGGAGCCCATCCAGTCCGAGGGTGGA
GACAACCATGCATCCGATGACTTCTTTCGGAAGCTGAGAGACATCGCCAGGAAGCACTGC
TGCGCCTTCTTGGTGGACGAGGTCCAGACCGGAGGAGGCTGCACGGGCAAGTTCTGGGCC
CATGAGCACTGGGGCCTGGATGACCCAGCAGACGTGATGACCTTCAGCAAGAAGATGATG
ACTGGGGGCTTCTTCCTCAAGGAGGAGTTCAGGCCTAATGCTCCCTACCGGATCTTCAAC
ACGTGGCTGGGGGACCCGTCCAAGAACCTGTTGCTGGCTGAGGTCATCAACATCATCAAG
CGGGAGGACCTGCTAAATAATGCAGCCCATGCCGGGAAGGCCCTGCTCACAGGACTGCTG
GACCTCCAGGCCCGGTACCCCCAGTTCATCAGCAGGGTGAGAGGACGAGGCACCTTTTGC
TCCTTCGATACTCCCGATGATTCCATACGGAATAAGCTCATTTTAATTGCCAGAAACAAA
GGTGTGGTGTTGGGTGGCTGTGGTGACAAATCCATTCGTTTCCGTCCCACGCTGGTGTTC
AGGGATCACCACGCTCACCTGTTCCTCAATATTTTCAGTGACATCTTAGCAGACTTCAAG
TAA
Target 1 GenBank Gene ID Not Available
Target 1 GeneCard ID ABAT Link Image
Target 1 GenAtlas ID ABAT Link Image
Target 1 HGNC ID HGNC:23 Link Image
Target 1 Chromosome Location Chromosome:16
Target 1 Locus 16p13.2
Target 1 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Target 1 Toxin References
  • W824 - Selala MI, Daelemans F, Schepens PJ. Fungal tremorgens: the mechanism of action of single nitrogen containing toxins--a hypothesis. Drug Chem Toxicol. 1989 Sep-Dec;12(3-4):237-57. [PubMed Link Image]
Target 1 General References 7721088; 14702039; 15489334; 7851425; 10407778
Target 2 [top]
Target 2 ID 36
Target 2 Name Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1
Target 2 Mechanism of Action Tremorgenic mycotoxins are thought to inhibit gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors, both pre- and postsynaptic, as well as inhibit transmitter breakdown at the GABA-T receptors. This would initially increase neurotransmitter levels, potentiating the GABA-induced chloride current, then lead to decreased levels of neurotransmitter in the synapse. (W824)
Target 2 Description GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel
Target 2 Synonyms
  1. GABA(A) receptor subunit alpha-1
Target 2 Gene Name GABRA1
Target 2 Protein Sequence >Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1 
MRKSPGLSDCLWAWILLLSTLTGRSYGQPSLQDELKDNTTVFTRILDRLLDGYDNRLRPG
LGERVTEVKTDIFVTSFGPVSDHDMEYTIDVFFRQSWKDERLKFKGPMTVLRLNNLMASK
IWTPDTFFHNGKKSVAHNMTMPNKLLRITEDGTLLYTMRLTVRAECPMHLEDFPMDAHAC
PLKFGSYAYTRAEVVYEWTREPARSVVVAEDGSRLNQYDLLGQTVDSGIVQSSTGEYVVM
TTHFHLKRKIGYFVIQTYLPCIMTVILSQVSFWLNRESVPARTVFGVTTVLTMTTLSISA
RNSLPKVAYATAMDWFIAVCYAFVFSALIEFATVNYFTKRGYAWDGKSVVPEKPKKVKDP
LIKKNNTYAPTATSYTPNLARGDPGLATIAKSATIEPKEVKPETKPPEPKKTFNSVSKID
RLSRIAFPLLFGIFNLVYWATYLNREPQLKAPTPHQ
Target 2 Number of Residues 456
Target 2 Molecular Weight 51801.4
Target 2 Theoretical pI 9.61
Target 2 GO Classification
Function
neurotransmitter receptor activity
transporter activity
ion transporter activity
ion channel activity
ligand-gated ion channel activity
extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
signal transducer activity
receptor activity
transmembrane receptor activity
GABA receptor activity
GABA-A receptor activity
Process
cellular process
cell communication
signal transduction
cell surface receptor linked signal transduction
G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway
gamma-aminobutyric acid signaling pathway
anion transport
inorganic anion transport
chloride transport
physiological process
cellular physiological process
transport
ion transport
Component
postsynaptic membrane
cell
membrane
intrinsic to membrane
integral to membrane
Target 2 General Function Involved in chloride channel activity
Target 2 Pathways Not Available
Target 2 Reactions Not Available
Target 2 Signals
  • 1-27
Target 2 Transmembrane Regions
  • 252-273
  • 279-300
  • 313-334
  • 422-443
Target 2 Essentiality Non Essential
Target 2 Domain Function PF02931:Neur_chan_LBD PF02932:Neur_chan_memb
Target 2 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Target 2 UniProtKB ID P14867 Link Image
Target 2 Cellular Location Cell junction, synapse, postsynaptic cell membrane
Target 2 Gene Sequence Not Available
Target 2 GenBank Gene ID Not Available
Target 2 GeneCard ID GABRA1 Link Image
Target 2 GenAtlas ID GABRA1 Link Image
Target 2 HGNC ID HGNC:4075 Link Image
Target 2 Chromosome Location Not Available
Target 2 Locus 5q34-q35
Target 2 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Target 2 Toxin References
  • W824 - Selala MI, Daelemans F, Schepens PJ. Fungal tremorgens: the mechanism of action of single nitrogen containing toxins--a hypothesis. Drug Chem Toxicol. 1989 Sep-Dec;12(3-4):237-57. [PubMed Link Image]
Target 2 General References 2465923; 15489334; 2847710; 11992121; 16718694
Target 3 [top]
Target 3 ID 115
Target 3 Name Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2
Target 3 Mechanism of Action Tremorgenic mycotoxins are thought to inhibit gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors, both pre- and postsynaptic, as well as inhibit transmitter breakdown at the GABA-T receptors. This would initially increase neurotransmitter levels, potentiating the GABA-induced chloride current, then lead to decreased levels of neurotransmitter in the synapse. (W824)
Target 3 Description GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel
Target 3 Synonyms
  1. GABA(A) receptor subunit alpha-2
Target 3 Gene Name GABRA2
Target 3 Protein Sequence >Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2 
MKTKLNIYNMQFLLFVFLVWDPARLVLANIQEDEAKNNITIFTRILDRLLDGYDNRLRPG
LGDSITEVFTNIYVTSFGPVSDTDMEYTIDVFFRQKWKDERLKFKGPMNILRLNNLMASK
IWTPDTFFHNGKKSVAHNMTMPNKLLRIQDDGTLLYTMRLTVQAECPMHLEDFPMDAHSC
PLKFGSYAYTTSEVTYIWTYNASDSVQVAPDGSRLNQYDLLGQSIGKETIKSSTGEYTVM
TAHFHLKRKIGYFVIQTYLPCIMTVILSQVSFWLNRESVPARTVFGVTTVLTMTTLSISA
RNSLPKVAYATAMDWFIAVCYAFVFSALIEFATVNYFTKRGWAWDGKSVVNDKKKEKASV
MIQNNAYAVAVANYAPNLSKDPVLSTISKSATTPEPNKKPENKPAEAKKTFNSVSKIDRM
SRIVFPVLFGTFNLVYWATYLNREPVLGVSP
Target 3 Number of Residues 451
Target 3 Molecular Weight 51325.9
Target 3 Theoretical pI 9.50
Target 3 GO Classification
Function
neurotransmitter receptor activity
transporter activity
ion transporter activity
ion channel activity
ligand-gated ion channel activity
extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
signal transducer activity
receptor activity
transmembrane receptor activity
GABA receptor activity
GABA-A receptor activity
Process
cellular process
cell communication
signal transduction
cell surface receptor linked signal transduction
G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway
gamma-aminobutyric acid signaling pathway
anion transport
inorganic anion transport
chloride transport
physiological process
cellular physiological process
transport
ion transport
Component
postsynaptic membrane
cell
membrane
intrinsic to membrane
integral to membrane
Target 3 General Function Involved in benzodiazepine receptor activity
Target 3 Pathways Not Available
Target 3 Reactions Not Available
Target 3 Signals
  • 1-28
Target 3 Transmembrane Regions
  • 252-273
  • 279-300
  • 313-334
  • 420-441
Target 3 Essentiality Non Essential
Target 3 Domain Function PF02931:Neur_chan_LBD PF02932:Neur_chan_memb
Target 3 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Target 3 UniProtKB ID P47869 Link Image
Target 3 Cellular Location Cell junction, synapse, postsynaptic cell membrane
Target 3 Gene Sequence >1356 bp 
ATGAAGACAAAATTGAACATCTACAACATCGAGTTCCTGCTTTTTGTTTTCTTGGTGTGG
GACCCTGCCAGGTTGGTGCTGGCTAACATCCAAGAAGATGAGGCTAAAAATAACATTACC
ATCTTTACGAGAATTCTTGACAGACTTCTGGATGGTTACGATAATCGGCTTAGACCAGGA
CTGGGAGACAGTATTACTGAAGTCTTCACTAACATCTACGTGACCAGTTTTGGCCCTGTC
TCAGATACAGATATGGAATATACAATTGATGTTTTCTTTCGACAAAAATGGAAAGATGAA
CGTTTAAAATTTAAAGGTCCTATGAATATCCTTCGACTAAACAATTTAATGGCTAGCAAA
ATCTGGACTCCAGATACCTTTTTTCACAATGGGAAGAAATCAGTAGCTCATAATATGACA
ATGCCAAATAAGTTGCTTCGAATTCAGGATGATGGGACTCTGCTGTATACCATGAGGCTT
ACAGTTCAAGCTGAATGCCCAATGCACTTGGAGGATTTCCCAATGGATGCTCATTCATGT
CCTCTGAAATTTGGCAGCTATGCATATACAACTTCAGAGGTCACTTATATTTGGACTTAC
AATGCATCTGATTCAGTACAGGTTGCTCCTGATGGCTCTAGGTTAAATCAATATGACCTG
CTGGGCCAATCAATCGGAAAGGAGACAATTAAATCCAGTACAGGTGAATATACTGTAATG
ACAGCTCATTTCCACCTGAAAAGAAAAATTGGGTATTTTGTGATTCAAACCTATCTGCCT
TGCATCATGACTGTCATTCTCTCCCAAGTTTCATTCTGGCTTAACAGAGAATCTGTGCCT
GCAAGAACTGTGTTTGGAGTAACAACTGTCCTAACAATGACAACTCTAAGCATCAGTGCT
CGGAATTCTCTCCCCAAAGTGGCTTATGCAACTGCCATGGACTGGTTTATTGCTGTTTGT
TATGCATTTGTGTTCTCTGCCCTAATTGAATTTGCAACTGTTAATTACTTCACCAAAAGA
GGATGGACTTGGGATGGGAAGAGTGTAGTAAATGACAAGAAAAAAGAAAAGGCTTCCGTT
ATGATACAGAACAACGCTTATGCAGTGGCTGTTGCCAATTATGCCCCGAATCTTTCAAAA
GATCCAGTTCTCTCCACCATCTCCAAGAGTGCAACCACGCCAGAACCCAACAAGAAGCCA
GAAAACAAGCCAGCTGAAGCAAAGAAAACTTTCAACAGTGTTAGCAAAATTGACAGAATG
TCCAGAATAGTTTTTCCAGTTTTGTTTGGTACCTTTAATTTAGTTTACTGGGCTACATAT
TTAAACAGAGAACCTGTATTAGGGGTCAGTCCTTGA
Target 3 GenBank Gene ID Not Available
Target 3 GeneCard ID GABRA2 Link Image
Target 3 GenAtlas ID GABRA2 Link Image
Target 3 HGNC ID HGNC:4076 Link Image
Target 3 Chromosome Location Not Available
Target 3 Locus 4p12
Target 3 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Target 3 Toxin References
  • W824 - Selala MI, Daelemans F, Schepens PJ. Fungal tremorgens: the mechanism of action of single nitrogen containing toxins--a hypothesis. Drug Chem Toxicol. 1989 Sep-Dec;12(3-4):237-57. [PubMed Link Image]
Target 3 General References 8391122; 15024690
Target 4 [top]
Target 4 ID 153
Target 4 Name Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3
Target 4 Mechanism of Action Tremorgenic mycotoxins are thought to inhibit gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors, both pre- and postsynaptic, as well as inhibit transmitter breakdown at the GABA-T receptors. This would initially increase neurotransmitter levels, potentiating the GABA-induced chloride current, then lead to decreased levels of neurotransmitter in the synapse. (W824)
Target 4 Description GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel
Target 4 Synonyms
  1. GABA(A) receptor subunit alpha-3
Target 4 Gene Name GABRA3
Target 4 Protein Sequence >Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3 
MIITQTSHCYMTSLGILFLINILPGTTGQGESRRQEPGDFVKQDIGGLSPKHAPDIPDDS
TDNITIFTRILDRLLDGYDNRLRPGLGDAVTEVKTDIYVTSFGPVSDTDMEYTIDVFFRQ
TWHDERLKFDGPMKILPLNNLLASKIWTPDTFFHNGKKSVAHNMTTPNKLLRLVDNGTLL
YTMRLTIHAECPMHLEDFPMDVHACPLKFGSYAYTTAEVVYSWTLGKNKSVEVAQDGSRL
NQYDLLGHVVGTEIIRSSTGEYVVMTTHFHLKRKIGYFVIQTYLPCIMTVILSQVSFWLN
RESVPARTVFGVTTVLTMTTLSISARNSLPKVAYATAMDWFIAVCYAFVFSALIEFATVN
YFTKRSWAWEGKKVPEALEMKKKTPAAPAKKTSTTFNIVGTTYPINLAKDTEFSTISKGA
APSASSTPTIIASPKATYVQDSPTETKTYNSVSKVDKISRIIFPVLFAIFNLVYWATYVN
RESAIKGMIRKQ
Target 4 Number of Residues 492
Target 4 Molecular Weight 55164.1
Target 4 Theoretical pI 8.93
Target 4 GO Classification
Function
neurotransmitter receptor activity
transporter activity
ion transporter activity
ion channel activity
ligand-gated ion channel activity
extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
signal transducer activity
receptor activity
transmembrane receptor activity
GABA receptor activity
GABA-A receptor activity
Process
cellular process
cell communication
signal transduction
cell surface receptor linked signal transduction
G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway
gamma-aminobutyric acid signaling pathway
anion transport
inorganic anion transport
chloride transport
physiological process
cellular physiological process
transport
ion transport
Component
postsynaptic membrane
cell
membrane
intrinsic to membrane
integral to membrane
Target 4 General Function Involved in benzodiazepine receptor activity
Target 4 Pathways Not Available
Target 4 Reactions Not Available
Target 4 Signals
  • 1-28
Target 4 Transmembrane Regions
  • 277-298
  • 304-325
  • 338-359
  • 458-479
Target 4 Essentiality Non Essential
Target 4 Domain Function PF02931:Neur_chan_LBD PF02932:Neur_chan_memb
Target 4 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Target 4 UniProtKB ID P34903 Link Image
Target 4 Cellular Location Cell junction, synapse, postsynaptic cell membrane
Target 4 Gene Sequence >1479 bp 
ATGATAATCACACAAACAAGTCACTGTTACATGACCAGCCTTGGGATTCTTTTCCTGATT
AATATTCTCCCTGGAACCACTGGTCAAGGGGAATCAAGACGACAAGAACCCGGGGACTTT
GTGAAGCAGGACATTGGCGGGCTGTCTCCTAAGCATGCCCCAGATATTCCTGATGACAGC
ACTGACAACATCACTATCTTCACCAGAATCTTGGATCGTCTTCTGGACGGCTATGACAAC
CGGCTGCGACCTGGGCTTGGAGATGCAGTGACTGAAGTGAAGACTGACATCTACGTGACC
AGTTTTGGCCCTGTGTCAGACACTGACATGGAGTACACTATTGATGTATTTTTTCGGCAG
ACATGGCATGATGAAAGACTGAAATTTGATGGCCCCATGAAGATCCTTCCACTGAACAAT
CTCCTGGCTAGTAAGATCTGGACACCGGACACCTTCTTCCACAATGGCAAGAAATCAGTG
GCTCATAACATGACCACGCCCAACAAGCTGCTCAGATTGGTGGACAACGGAACCCTCCTC
TATACAATGAGGTTAACAATTCATGCTGAGTGTCCCATGCATTTGGAAGATTTTCCCATG
GATGTGCATGCCTGCCCACTGAAGTTTGGAAGCTATGCCTATACAACAGCTGAAGTGGTT
TATTCTTGGACTCTCGGAAAGAACAAATCCGTGGAAGTGGCACAGGATGGTTCTCGCTTG
AACCAGTATGACCTTTTGGGCCATGTTGTTGGGACAGAGATAATCCGGTCTAGTACAGGA
GAATATGTCGTCATGACAACCCACTTCCATCTCAAGCGAAAAATTGGCTACTTTGTGATC
CAGACCTACTTGCCATGTATCATGACTGTCATTCTGTCACAAGTGTCGTTCTGGCTCAAC
AGAGAGTCTGTTCCTGCCCGTACAGTCTTTGGTGTCACCACTGTGCTTACCATGACCACC
TTGAGTATCAGTGCCAGAAATTCCTTACCTAAAGTGGCATATGCGACGGCCATGGACTGG
TTCATAGCCGTCTGTTATGCCTTTGTATTTTCTGCACTGATTGAATTTGCCACTGTCAAC
TATTTCACCAAGCGGAGTTGGGCTTGGGAAGGCAAGAAGGTGCCAGAGGCCCTGGAGATG
AAGAAGAAAACACCAGCAGCCCCAGCAAAGAAAACCAGCACTACCTTCAACATCGTGGGG
ACCACCTATCCCATCAACCTGGCCAAGGACACTGAATTTTCCACCATCTCCAAGGGCGCT
GCTCCCAGTGCCTCCTCAACCCCAACAATCATTGCTTCACCCAAGGCCACCTACGTGCAG
GACAGCCCGACTGAGACCAAGACCTACAACAGTGTCAGCAAGGTTGACAAAATTTCCCGC
ATCATCTTTCCTGTGCTCTTTGCCATATTCAATCTGGTCTATTGGGCCACATATGTCAAC
CGGGAGTCAGCTATCAAGGGCATGATCCGCAAACAGTAG
Target 4 GenBank Gene ID Not Available
Target 4 GeneCard ID GABRA3 Link Image
Target 4 GenAtlas ID GABRA3 Link Image
Target 4 HGNC ID HGNC:4077 Link Image
Target 4 Chromosome Location Not Available
Target 4 Locus Xq28
Target 4 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Target 4 Toxin References
  • W824 - Selala MI, Daelemans F, Schepens PJ. Fungal tremorgens: the mechanism of action of single nitrogen containing toxins--a hypothesis. Drug Chem Toxicol. 1989 Sep-Dec;12(3-4):237-57. [PubMed Link Image]
Target 4 General References 8391122; 10602120; 15489334
Target 5 [top]
Target 5 ID 246
Target 5 Name Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4
Target 5 Mechanism of Action Tremorgenic mycotoxins are thought to inhibit gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors, both pre- and postsynaptic, as well as inhibit transmitter breakdown at the GABA-T receptors. This would initially increase neurotransmitter levels, potentiating the GABA-induced chloride current, then lead to decreased levels of neurotransmitter in the synapse. (W824)
Target 5 Description GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel
Target 5 Synonyms
  1. GABA(A) receptor subunit alpha-4
Target 5 Gene Name GABRA4
Target 5 Protein Sequence >Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4 
MVSAKKVPAIALSAGVSFALLRFLCLAVCLNESPGQNQKEEKLCTENFTRILDSLLDGYD
NRLRPGFGGPVTEVKTDIYVTSFGPVSDVEMEYTMDVFFRQTWIDKRLKYDGPIEILRLN
NMMVTKVWTPDTFFRNGKKSVSHNMTAPNKLFRIMRNGTILYTMRLTISAECPMRLVDFP
MDGHACPLKFGSYAYPKSEMIYTWTKGPEKSVEVPKESSSLVQYDLIGQTVSSETIKSIT
GEYIVMTVYFHLRRKMGYFMIQTYIPCIMTVILSQVSFWINKESVPARTVFGITTVLTMT
TLSISARHSLPKVSYATAMDWFIAVCFAFVFSALIEFAAVNYFTNIQMEKAKRKTSKPPQ
EVPAAPVQREKHPEAPLQNTNANLNMRKRTNALVHSESDVGNRTEVGNHSSKSSTVVQES
SKGTPRSYLASSPNPFSRANAAETISAARALPSASPTSIRTGYMPRKASVGSASTRHVFG
SRLQRIKTTVNTIGATGKLSATPPPSAPPPSGSGTSKIDKYARILFPVTFGAFNMVYWVV
YLSKDTMEKSESLM
Target 5 Number of Residues 554
Target 5 Molecular Weight 61622.6
Target 5 Theoretical pI 10.02
Target 5 GO Classification
Function
neurotransmitter receptor activity
transporter activity
ion transporter activity
ion channel activity
ligand-gated ion channel activity
extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
signal transducer activity
receptor activity
transmembrane receptor activity
GABA receptor activity
GABA-A receptor activity
Process
cellular process
cell communication
signal transduction
cell surface receptor linked signal transduction
G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway
gamma-aminobutyric acid signaling pathway
anion transport
inorganic anion transport
chloride transport
physiological process
cellular physiological process
transport
ion transport
Component
postsynaptic membrane
cell
membrane
intrinsic to membrane
integral to membrane
Target 5 General Function Involved in benzodiazepine receptor activity
Target 5 Pathways Not Available
Target 5 Reactions Not Available
Target 5 Signals
  • 1-35
Target 5 Transmembrane Regions
  • 259-280
  • 285-306
  • 318-340
  • 524-543
Target 5 Essentiality Non Essential
Target 5 Domain Function PF02931:Neur_chan_LBD PF02932:Neur_chan_memb
Target 5 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Target 5 UniProtKB ID P48169 Link Image
Target 5 Cellular Location Cell junction, synapse, postsynaptic cell membrane
Target 5 Gene Sequence Not Available
Target 5 GenBank Gene ID Not Available
Target 5 GeneCard ID GABRA4 Link Image
Target 5 GenAtlas ID GABRA4 Link Image
Target 5 HGNC ID HGNC:4078 Link Image
Target 5 Chromosome Location Not Available
Target 5 Locus 4p12
Target 5 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Target 5 Toxin References
  • W824 - Selala MI, Daelemans F, Schepens PJ. Fungal tremorgens: the mechanism of action of single nitrogen containing toxins--a hypothesis. Drug Chem Toxicol. 1989 Sep-Dec;12(3-4):237-57. [PubMed Link Image]
Target 5 General References 8719416; 14702039; 15815621; 15489334; 7607683; 17693683; 16959974
Target 6 [top]
Target 6 ID 133
Target 6 Name Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5
Target 6 Mechanism of Action Tremorgenic mycotoxins are thought to inhibit gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors, both pre- and postsynaptic, as well as inhibit transmitter breakdown at the GABA-T receptors. This would initially increase neurotransmitter levels, potentiating the GABA-induced chloride current, then lead to decreased levels of neurotransmitter in the synapse. (W824)
Target 6 Description GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel
Target 6 Synonyms
  1. GABA(A) receptor subunit alpha-5
Target 6 Gene Name GABRA5
Target 6 Protein Sequence >Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5 
MDNGMFSGFIMIKNLLLFCISMNLSSHFGFSQMPTSSVKDETNDNITIFTRILDGLLDGY
DNRLRPGLGERITQVRTDIYVTSFGPVSDTEMEYTIDVFFRQSWKDERLRFKGPMQRLPL
NNLLASKIWTPDTFFHNGKKSIAHNMTTPNKLLRLEDDGTLLYTMRLTISAECPMQLEDF
PMDAHACPLKFGSYAYPNSEVVYVWTNGSTKSVVVAEDGSRLNQYHLMGQTVGTENISTS
TGEYTIMTAHFHLKRKIGYFVIQTYLPCIMTVILSQVSFWLNRESVPARTVFGVTTVLTM
TTLSISARNSLPKVAYATAMDWFIAVCYAFVFSALIEFATVNYFTKRGWAWDGKKALEAA
KIKKKREVILNKSTNAFTTGKMSHPPNIPKEQTPAGTSNTTSVSVKPSEEKTSESKKTYN
SISKIDKMSRIVFPVLFGTFNLVYWATYLNREPVIKGAASPK
Target 6 Number of Residues 462
Target 6 Molecular Weight 52145.6
Target 6 Theoretical pI 9.56
Target 6 GO Classification
Function
neurotransmitter receptor activity
transporter activity
ion transporter activity
ion channel activity
ligand-gated ion channel activity
extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
signal transducer activity
receptor activity
transmembrane receptor activity
GABA receptor activity
GABA-A receptor activity
Process
cellular process
cell communication
signal transduction
cell surface receptor linked signal transduction
G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway
gamma-aminobutyric acid signaling pathway
anion transport
inorganic anion transport
chloride transport
physiological process
cellular physiological process
transport
ion transport
Component
postsynaptic membrane
cell
membrane
intrinsic to membrane
integral to membrane
Target 6 General Function Involved in chloride channel activity
Target 6 Pathways Not Available
Target 6 Reactions Not Available
Target 6 Signals
  • 1-31
Target 6 Transmembrane Regions
  • 260-281
  • 286-307
  • 319-341
  • 428-449
Target 6 Essentiality Non Essential
Target 6 Domain Function PF02931:Neur_chan_LBD PF02932:Neur_chan_memb
Target 6 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Target 6 UniProtKB ID P31644 Link Image
Target 6 Cellular Location Cell junction, synapse, postsynaptic cell membrane
Target 6 Gene Sequence >1389 bp 
ATGGACAATGGAATGTTCTCTGGTTTTATCATGATCAAAAACCTCCTTCTCTTTTGTATT
TCCATGAACTTATCCAGTCACTTTGGCTTTTCACAGATGCCAACCAGTTCAGTGAAAGAT
GAGACCAATGACAACATCACGATATTTACCAGGATCTTGGATGGGCTCTTGGATGGCTAC
GACAACAGACTTCGGCCCGGGCTGGGAGAGCGCATCACTCAGGTGAGGACCGACATCTAC
GTCACCAGCTTCGGCCCGGTGTCCGACACGGAAATGGAGTACACCATAGACGTGTTTTTC
CGACAAAGCTGGAAAGATGAAAGGCTTCGGTTTAAGGGGCCCATGCAGCGCCTCCCTCTC
AACAACCTCCTTGCCAGCAAGATCTGGACCCCAGACACGTTCTTCCACAACGGGAAGAAG
TCCATCGCTCACAACATGACCACGCCCAACAAGCTGCTGCGGCTGGAGGACGACGGCACC
CTGCTCTACACCATGCGCTTGACCATCTCTGCAGAGTGCCCCATGCAGCTTGAGGACTTC
CCGATGGATGCGCACGCTTGCCCTCTGAAATTTGGCAGCTATGCGTACCCTAATTCTGAA
GTCGTTTACGTCTGGACCAACGGCTCCACCAAGTCGGTGGTGGTGGCGGAAGATGGCTCC
AGACTGAACCAGTACCACCTGATGGGGCAGACGGTGGGCACTGAGAACATCAGCACCAGC
ACAGGCGAATACACAATCATGACAGCTCACTTCCACCTGAAAAGGAAGATTGGCTACTTT
GTCATCCAGACCTACCTTCCCTGCATAATGACCGTGATCTTATCACAGGTGTCCTTTTGG
CTGAACCGGGAATCAGTCCCAGCCAGGACAGTTTTTGGGGTCACCACGGTGCTGACCATG
ACGACCCTCAGCATCAGCGCCAGGAACTCTCTGCCCAAAGTGGCCTACGCCACCGCCATG
GACTGGTTCATAGCTGTGTGCTATGCCTTCGTCTTCTCGGCGCTGATAGAGTTTGCCACG
GTCAATTACTTTACCAAGAGAGGCTGGGCCTGGGATGGCAAAAAAGCCTTGGAAGCAGCC
AAGATCAAGAAAAAGCGTGAAGTCATACTAAATAAGTCAACAAACGCTTTTACAACTGGG
AAGATGTCTCACCCCCCAAACATTCCGAAGGAACAGACCCCAGCAGGGACGTCGAATACA
ACCTCAGTCTCAGTAAAACCCTCTGAAGAGAAGACTTCTGAAAGCAAAAAGACTTACAAC
AGTATCAGCAAAATTGACAAAATGTCCCGAATCGTATTCCCAGTCTTGTTCGGCACTTTC
AACTTAGTTTACTGGGCAACGTATTTGAATAGGGAGCCGGTGATAAAAGGAGCCGCCTCT
CCAAAATAA
Target 6 GenBank Gene ID Not Available
Target 6 GeneCard ID GABRA5 Link Image
Target 6 GenAtlas ID GABRA5 Link Image
Target 6 HGNC ID HGNC:4079 Link Image
Target 6 Chromosome Location Chromosome:15
Target 6 Locus 15q11.2-q12
Target 6 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Target 6 Toxin References
  • W824 - Selala MI, Daelemans F, Schepens PJ. Fungal tremorgens: the mechanism of action of single nitrogen containing toxins--a hypothesis. Drug Chem Toxicol. 1989 Sep-Dec;12(3-4):237-57. [PubMed Link Image]
Target 6 General References 8388764; 1321750; 14702039; 15489334; 9205108; 17370265
Target 7 [top]
Target 7 ID 257
Target 7 Name Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6
Target 7 Mechanism of Action Tremorgenic mycotoxins are thought to inhibit gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors, both pre- and postsynaptic, as well as inhibit transmitter breakdown at the GABA-T receptors. This would initially increase neurotransmitter levels, potentiating the GABA-induced chloride current, then lead to decreased levels of neurotransmitter in the synapse. (W824)
Target 7 Description GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel
Target 7 Synonyms
  1. GABA(A) receptor subunit alpha-6
Target 7 Gene Name GABRA6
Target 7 Protein Sequence >Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6 
MASSLPWLCIILWLENALGKLEVEGNFYSENVSRILDNLLEGYDNRLRPGFGGAVTEVKT
DIYVTSFGPVSDVEMEYTMDVFFRQTWTDERLKFGGPTEILSLNNLMVSKIWTPDTFFRN
GKKSIAHNMTTPNKLFRIMQNGTILYTMRLTINADCPMRLVNFPMDGHACPLKFGSYAYP
KSEIIYTWKKGPLYSVEVPEESSSLLQYDLIGQTVSSETIKSNTGEYVIMTVYFHLQRKM
GYFMIQIYTPCIMTVILSQVSFWINKESVPARTVFGITTVLTMTTLSISARHSLPKVSYA
TAMDWFIAVCFAFVFSALIEFAAVNYFTNLQTQKAKRKAQFAAPPTVTISKATEPLEAEI
VLHPDSKYHLKKRITSLSLPIVSSSEANKVLTRAPILQSTPVTPPPLSPAFGGTSKIDQY
SRILFPVAFAGFNLVYWVVYLSKDTMEVSSSVE
Target 7 Number of Residues 453
Target 7 Molecular Weight 51023.7
Target 7 Theoretical pI 8.40
Target 7 GO Classification
Function
neurotransmitter receptor activity
transporter activity
ion transporter activity
ion channel activity
ligand-gated ion channel activity
extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
signal transducer activity
receptor activity
transmembrane receptor activity
GABA receptor activity
GABA-A receptor activity
Process
cellular process
cell communication
signal transduction
cell surface receptor linked signal transduction
G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway
gamma-aminobutyric acid signaling pathway
anion transport
inorganic anion transport
chloride transport
physiological process
cellular physiological process
transport
ion transport
Component
postsynaptic membrane
cell
membrane
intrinsic to membrane
integral to membrane
Target 7 General Function Involved in benzodiazepine receptor activity
Target 7 Pathways Not Available
Target 7 Reactions Not Available
Target 7 Signals
  • 1-19
Target 7 Transmembrane Regions
  • 243-264
  • 269-290
  • 301-324
  • 420-441
Target 7 Essentiality Non Essential
Target 7 Domain Function PF02931:Neur_chan_LBD PF02932:Neur_chan_memb
Target 7 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Target 7 UniProtKB ID Q16445 Link Image
Target 7 Cellular Location Cell junction, synapse, postsynaptic cell membrane
Target 7 Gene Sequence >1362 bp 
ATGGCGTCATCTCTGCCCTGGCTGTGCATTATTCTGTGGCTAGAAAATGCCCTAGGGAAA
CTCGAAGTTGAAGGCAACTTCTACTCAGAAAACGTCAGTCGGATCCTGGACAACTTGCTT
GAAGGCTATGACAATCGGCTGCGGCCGGGATTTGGAGGTGCTGTCACTGAAGTCAAAACA
GACATTTATGTGACCAGTTTTGGGCCCGTGTCAGATGTGGAGATGGAGTATACGATGGAT
GTTTTTTTTCGCCAGACCTGGACTGATGAGAGGTTGAAGTTTGGGGGGCCAACTGAGATT
CTGAGTCTGAATAATTTGATGGTCAGTAAAATCTGGACGCCTGACACCTTTTTCAGAAAT
GGTAAAAAGTCCATTGCTCACAACATGACAACTCCTAATAAACTCTTCAGAATAATGCAG
AATGGAACCATTTTATACACCATGAGGCTTACCATCAATGCTGACTGTCCCATGAGGCTG
GTTAACTTTCCTATGGATGGGCATGCTTGTCCACTCAAGTTTGGGAGCTATGCTTATCCC
AAAAGTGAAATCATATATACGTGGAAAAAAGGACCACTTTACTCAGTAGAAGTCCCAGAA
GAATCTTCAAGCCTTCTCCAGTATGATCTGATTGGACAAACAGTATCTAGTGAGACAATT
AAATCTAACACAGGTGAATACGTTATAATGACAGTTTACTTCCACTTGCAAAGGAAGATG
GGCTACTTCATGATACAGATATACACTCCTTGCATTATGACAGTCATTCTTTCCCAGGTG
TCTTTCTGGATTAATAAGGAGTCCGTCCCAGCAAGAACTGTTTTTGGGATCACCACTGTT
TTAACTATGACCACTTTGAGCATCAGTGCCCGGCACTCTTTGCCAAAAGTGTCATATGCC
ACTGCCATGGATTGGTTCATAGCTGTTTGCTTTGCATTCGTCTTCTCTGCTCTTATCGAG
TTCGCAGCTGTCAACTACTTTACCAATCTTCAGACACAGAAGGCGAAAAGGAAGGCACAG
TTTGCAGCCCCACCCACAGTGACAATATCAAAAGCTACTGAACCTTTGGAAGCTGAGATT
GTTTTGCATCCTGACTCCAAATATCATCTGAAGAAAAGGATCACTTCTCTGTCTTTGCCA
ATAGTTTCATCTTCCGAGGCCAATAAAGTGCTCACGAGAGCGCCCATCTTACAATCAACA
CCTGTCACACCCCCACCACTCCCGCCAGCCTTTGGAGGCACCAGTAAAATAGACCAGTAT
TCTCGAATTCTCTTCCCAGTTGCATTTGCAGGATTCAACCTTGTGTACTGGGTAGTTTAT
CTTTCCAAAGATACAATGGAAGTGAGTAGCAGTGTTGAATAG
Target 7 GenBank Gene ID Not Available
Target 7 GeneCard ID GABRA6 Link Image
Target 7 GenAtlas ID GABRA6 Link Image
Target 7 HGNC ID HGNC:4080 Link Image
Target 7 Chromosome Location Not Available
Target 7 Locus 5q34
Target 7 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Target 7 Toxin References
  • W824 - Selala MI, Daelemans F, Schepens PJ. Fungal tremorgens: the mechanism of action of single nitrogen containing toxins--a hypothesis. Drug Chem Toxicol. 1989 Sep-Dec;12(3-4):237-57. [PubMed Link Image]
Target 7 General References 8632757; 15489334; 16959974
Target 8 [top]
Target 8 ID 224
Target 8 Name Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1
Target 8 Mechanism of Action Tremorgenic mycotoxins are thought to inhibit gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors, both pre- and postsynaptic, as well as inhibit transmitter breakdown at the GABA-T receptors. This would initially increase neurotransmitter levels, potentiating the GABA-induced chloride current, then lead to decreased levels of neurotransmitter in the synapse. (W824)
Target 8 Description GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel
Target 8 Synonyms
  1. GABA(A) receptor subunit beta-1
Target 8 Gene Name GABRB1
Target 8 Protein Sequence >Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1 
MWTVQNRESLGLLSFPVMITMVCCAHSTNEPSNMSYVKETVDRLLKGYDIRLRPDFGGPP
VDVGMRIDVASIDMVSEVNMDYTLTMYFQQSWKDKRLSYSGIPLNLTLDNRVADQLWVPD
TYFLNDKKSFVHGVTVKNRMIRLHPDGTVLYGLRITTTAACMMDLRRYPLDEQNCTLEIE
SYGYTTDDIEFYWNGGEGAVTGVNKIELPQFSIVDYKMVSKKVEFTTGAYPRLSLSFRLK
RNIGYFILQTYMPSTLITILSWVSFWINYDASAARVALGITTVLTMTTISTHLRETLPKI
PYVKAIDIYLMGCFVFVFLALLEYAFVNYIFFGKGPQKKGASKQDQSANEKNKLEMNKVQ
VDAHGNILLSTLEIRNETSGSEVLTSVSDPKATMYSYDSASIQYRKPLSSREAYGRALDR
HGVPSKGRIRRRASQLKVKIPDLTDVNSIDKWSRMFFPITFSLFNVVYWLYYVH
Target 8 Number of Residues 474
Target 8 Molecular Weight 54234.1
Target 8 Theoretical pI 9.01
Target 8 GO Classification
Function
neurotransmitter receptor activity
transporter activity
ion transporter activity
ion channel activity
ligand-gated ion channel activity
extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
signal transducer activity
receptor activity
transmembrane receptor activity
GABA receptor activity
GABA-A receptor activity
Process
physiological process
cellular physiological process
transport
ion transport
Component
postsynaptic membrane
cell
membrane
intrinsic to membrane
integral to membrane
Target 8 General Function Involved in chloride channel activity
Target 8 Pathways Not Available
Target 8 Reactions Not Available
Target 8 Signals
  • 1-25
Target 8 Transmembrane Regions
  • 246-267
  • 271-293
  • 305-327
  • 452-473
Target 8 Essentiality Non Essential
Target 8 Domain Function PF02931:Neur_chan_LBD PF02932:Neur_chan_memb
Target 8 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Target 8 UniProtKB ID P18505 Link Image
Target 8 Cellular Location Cell junction, synapse, postsynaptic cell membrane
Target 8 Gene Sequence >1425 bp 
ATGTGGACAGTACAAAATCGAGAGAGTCTGGGGCTTCTCTCTTTCCCTGTGATGATTACC
ATGGTCTGTTGTGCACACAGCACCAATGAACCCAGCAACATGCCATACGTGAAAGAGACA
GTGGACAGATTGCTCAAAGGATATGACATTCGCTTGCGGCCGGACTTCGGAGGGCCCCCC
GTCGACGTTGGGATGCGGATCGATGTCGCCAGCATAGACATGGTCTCCGAAGTGAATATG
GATTATACACTCACCATGTATTTCCAGCAGTCTTGGAAAGACAAAAGGCTTTCTTATTCT
GGAATCCCACTGAACCTCACCCTAGACAATAGGGTAGCTGACCAACTCTGGGTACCAGAC
ACCTACTTTCTGAATGACAAGAAATCATTTGTGCATGGGGTCACAGTGAAAAATCGAATG
ATTCGACTGCATCCTGATGGAACAGTTCTCTATGGACTCCGAATCACAACCACAGCTGCA
TGTATGATGGATCTTCGAAGATATCCACTGGATGAGCAGAACTGCACCCTGGAGATCGAA
AGTTATGGCTATACCACTGATGACATTGAATTTTACTGGAATGGAGGAGAAGGGGCAGTC
ACTGGTGTTAATAAAATCGAACTTCCTCAATTTTCAATTGTTGACTACAAGATGGTGTCT
AAGAAGGTGGAGTTCACAACAGGAGCGTATCCACGACTGTCACTAAGTTTTCGTCTAAAG
AGAAACATTGGTTACTTCATTTTGCAAACCTACATGCCTTCTACACTGATTACAATTCTG
TCCTGGGTGTCTTTTTGGATCAACTATGATGCATCTGCAGCCAGAGTCGCACTAGGAATC
ACGACGGTGCTTACAATGACAACCATCAGCACCCACCTCAGGGAGACCCTGCCAAAGATC
CCTTATGTCAAAGCGATTGATATTTATCTGATGGGTTGCTTTGTGTTTGTGTTCCTGGCT
CTGCTGGAGTATGCCTTTGTAAATTACATCTTCTTTGGGAAAGGCCCTCAGAAAAAGGGA
GCTAGCAAACAAGACCAGAGTGCCAATGAGAAGAATAAACTGGAGATGAATAAAGTCCAG
GTCGACGCCCACGGTAACATTCTCCTCAGCACCCTGGAAATCCGGAATGAGACGAGTGGC
TCGGAAGTGCTCACGAGCGTGAGCGACCCCAAGGCCACCATGTACTCCTATGACAGCGCC
AGCATCCAGTACCGCAAGCCCCTGAGCAGCCGCGAGGCCTACGGGCGCGCCCTGGACCGG
CACGGGGTACCCAGCAAGGGGCGCATCCGCAGGCGTGCCTCCCAGCTCAAAGTCAAGATC
CCCGACTTGACTGATGTGAATTCCATAGACAAGTGGTCCCGAATGTTTTTCCCCATCACC
TTTTCTCTTTTTAATGTCGTCTATTGGCTTTACTATGTACACTGA
Target 8 GenBank Gene ID Not Available
Target 8 GeneCard ID GABRB1 Link Image
Target 8 GenAtlas ID GABRB1 Link Image
Target 8 HGNC ID HGNC:4081 Link Image
Target 8 Chromosome Location Not Available
Target 8 Locus 4p12
Target 8 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Target 8 Toxin References
  • W824 - Selala MI, Daelemans F, Schepens PJ. Fungal tremorgens: the mechanism of action of single nitrogen containing toxins--a hypothesis. Drug Chem Toxicol. 1989 Sep-Dec;12(3-4):237-57. [PubMed Link Image]
Target 8 General References 2465923; 1655634; 14702039; 15489334; 2160058; 8178835; 17924679
Target 9 [top]
Target 9 ID 111
Target 9 Name Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2
Target 9 Mechanism of Action Tremorgenic mycotoxins are thought to inhibit gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors, both pre- and postsynaptic, as well as inhibit transmitter breakdown at the GABA-T receptors. This would initially increase neurotransmitter levels, potentiating the GABA-induced chloride current, then lead to decreased levels of neurotransmitter in the synapse. (W824)
Target 9 Description GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel
Target 9 Synonyms
  1. GABA(A) receptor subunit beta-2
Target 9 Gene Name GABRB2
Target 9 Protein Sequence >Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2 
MWRVRKRGYFGIWSFPLIIAAVCAQSVNDPSNMSLVKETVDRLLKGYDIRLRPDFGGPPV
AVGMNIDIASIDMVSEVNMDYTLTMYFQQAWRDKRLSYNVIPLNLTLDNRVADQLWVPDT
YFLNDKKSFVHGVTVKNRMIRLHPDGTVLYGLRITTTAACMMDLRRYPLDEQNCTLEIES
YGYTTDDIEFYWRGDDNAVTGVTKIELPQFSIVDYKLITKKVVFSTGSYPRLSLSFKLKR
NIGYFILQTYMPSILITILSWVSFWINYDASAARVALGITTVLTMTTINTHLRETLPKIP
YVKAIDMYLMGCFVFVFMALLEYALVNYIFFGRGPQRQKKAAEKAASANNEKMRLDVNKM
DPHENILLSTLEIKNEMATSEAVMGLGDPRSTMLAYDASSIQYRKAGLPRHSFGRNALER
HVAQKKSRLRRRASQLKITIPDLTDVNAIDRWSRIFFPVVFSFFNIVYWLYYVN
Target 9 Number of Residues 474
Target 9 Molecular Weight 54605.9
Target 9 Theoretical pI 9.66
Target 9 GO Classification
Function
neurotransmitter receptor activity
transporter activity
ion transporter activity
ion channel activity
ligand-gated ion channel activity
extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
signal transducer activity
receptor activity
transmembrane receptor activity
GABA receptor activity
GABA-A receptor activity
Process
physiological process
cellular physiological process
transport
ion transport
Component
postsynaptic membrane
cell
membrane
intrinsic to membrane
integral to membrane
Target 9 General Function Involved in chloride channel activity
Target 9 Pathways Not Available
Target 9 Reactions Not Available
Target 9 Signals
  • 1-25
Target 9 Transmembrane Regions
  • 245-266
  • 270-292
  • 304-326
  • 452-473
Target 9 Essentiality Non Essential
Target 9 Domain Function PF02931:Neur_chan_LBD PF02932:Neur_chan_memb
Target 9 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Target 9 UniProtKB ID P47870 Link Image
Target 9 Cellular Location Cell junction, synapse, postsynaptic cell membrane
Target 9 Gene Sequence >1425 bp 
ATGTGGAGAGTGCGGAAAAGGGGCTACTTTGGGATTTGGTCCTTCCCCTTAATAATCGCC
GCTGTCTGTGCGCAGAGTGTCAATGACCCTAGTAATATGTCGCTGGTTAAAGAGACGGTG
GATAGACTCCTGAAAGGCTATGACATTCGTCTGAGACCAGATTTTGGAGGTCCCCCCGTG
GCTGTGGGGATGAACATTGACATTGCCAGCATCGATATGGTTTCTGAAGTCAATATGGAT
TATACCTTGACAATGTACTTTCAACAAGCCTGGAGAGATAAGAGGCTGTCCTATAATGTA
ATACCTTTAAACTTGACTCTGGACAACAGAGTGGCAGACCAGCTCTGGGTGCCTGATACC
TATTTCCTGAACGATAAGAAGTCATTTGTGCACGGAGTGACTGTTAAGAACCGCATGATT
CGCCTGCATCCTGATGGCACCGTCCTTTATGGACTCAGAATCACAACCACAGCTGCCTGC
ATGATGGACCTAAGGAGGTACCCACTGGATGAACAAAACTGCACCTTGGAAATTGAGAGC
TATGGATACACAACTGATGACATTGAGTTTTACTGGCGTGGCGATGATAATGCAGTAACA
GGAGTAACGAAAATTGAACTTCCACAGTTCTCTATTGTAGATTACAAACTTATCACCAAG
AAGGTTGTTTTTTCCACAGGTTCCTATCCCAGGTTATCCCTCAGCTTTAAGCTTAAGAGA
AACATTGGCTACTTTATCCTGCAAACATACATGCCTTCCATCCTGATTACCATCCTCTCC
TGGGTCTCCTTCTGGATTAATTACGATGCTTCAGCTGCAAGGGTGGCATTAGGAATCACA
ACTGTCCTCACAATGACCACAATCAACACCCACCTCCGGGAAACTCTCCCTAAAATCCCC
TATGTGAAGGCCATTGACATGTACCTGATGGGGTGCTTTGTCTTCGTTTTCATGGCCCTT
CTGGAATATGCCCTAGTCAACTACATCTTCTTTGGGAGGGGGCCCCAACGCCAAAAGAAA
GCAGCTGAGAAGGCTGCCAGTGCCAACAATGAGAAGATGCGCCTGGATGTCAACAAGATG
GACCCCCATGAGAACATCTTACTGAGCACTCTCGAGATAAAAAATGAAATGGCCACATCT
GAGGCTGTGATGGGACTTGGAGACCCCAGAAGCACAATGCTAGCCTATGATGCCTCCAGC
ATCCAGTATCGGAAAGCTGGGTTGCCCAGGCATAGTTTTGGCCGAAATGCTCTGGAACGA
CATGTGGCGCAAAAGAAAAGTCGCCTGAGGAGACGCGCCTCCCAACTGAAAATCACCATC
CCTGACTTGACTGATGTGAATGCCATAGATCGGTGGTCCCGCATATTCTTCCCAGTGGTT
TTTTCCTTCTTCAACATCGTCTATTGGCTTTATTATGTGAACTAA
Target 9 GenBank Gene ID Not Available
Target 9 GeneCard ID GABRB2 Link Image
Target 9 GenAtlas ID GABRB2 Link Image
Target 9 HGNC ID HGNC:4082 Link Image
Target 9 Chromosome Location Not Available
Target 9 Locus 5q34
Target 9 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Target 9 Toxin References
  • W824 - Selala MI, Daelemans F, Schepens PJ. Fungal tremorgens: the mechanism of action of single nitrogen containing toxins--a hypothesis. Drug Chem Toxicol. 1989 Sep-Dec;12(3-4):237-57. [PubMed Link Image]
Target 9 General References 8264558; 7707873; 15489334; 17370265
Target 10 [top]
Target 10 ID 193
Target 10 Name Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3
Target 10 Mechanism of Action Tremorgenic mycotoxins are thought to inhibit gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors, both pre- and postsynaptic, as well as inhibit transmitter breakdown at the GABA-T receptors. This would initially increase neurotransmitter levels, potentiating the GABA-induced chloride current, then lead to decreased levels of neurotransmitter in the synapse. (W824)
Target 10 Description GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel
Target 10 Synonyms
  1. GABA(A) receptor subunit beta-3
Target 10 Gene Name GABRB3
Target 10 Protein Sequence >Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3 
MWGLAGGRLFGIFSAPVLVAVVCCAQSVNDPGNMSFVKETVDKLLKGYDIRLRPDFGGPP
VCVGMNIDIASIDMVSEVNMDYTLTMYFQQYWRDKRLAYSGIPLNLTLDNRVADQLWVPD
TYFLNDKKSFVHGVTVKNRMIRLHPDGTVLYGLRITTTAACMMDLRRYPLDEQNCTLEIE
SYGYTTDDIEFYWRGGDKAVTGVERIELPQFSIVEHRLVSRNVVFATGAYPRLSLSFRLK
RNIGYFILQTYMPSILITILSWVSFWINYDASAARVALGITTVLTMTTINTHLRETLPKI
PYVKAIDMYLMGCFVFVFLALLEYAFVNYIFFGRGPQRQKKLAEKTAKAKNDRSKSESNR
VDAHGNILLTSLEVHNEMNEVSGGIGDTRNSAISFDNSGIQYRKQSMPREGHGRFLGDRS
LPHKKTHLRRRSSQLKIKIPDLTDVNAIDRWSRIVFPFTFSLFNLVYWLYYVN
Target 10 Number of Residues 473
Target 10 Molecular Weight 54115.0
Target 10 Theoretical pI 9.41
Target 10 GO Classification
Function
neurotransmitter receptor activity
transporter activity
ion transporter activity
ion channel activity
ligand-gated ion channel activity
extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
signal transducer activity
receptor activity
transmembrane receptor activity
GABA receptor activity
GABA-A receptor activity
Process
physiological process
cellular physiological process
transport
ion transport
Component
postsynaptic membrane
cell
membrane
intrinsic to membrane
integral to membrane
Target 10 General Function Involved in chloride channel activity
Target 10 Pathways Not Available
Target 10 Reactions Not Available
Target 10 Signals
  • 1-25
Target 10 Transmembrane Regions
  • 246-267
  • 271-293
  • 305-327
  • 451-472
Target 10 Essentiality Non Essential
Target 10 Domain Function PF02931:Neur_chan_LBD PF02932:Neur_chan_memb
Target 10 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Target 10 UniProtKB ID P28472 Link Image
Target 10 Cellular Location Cell junction, synapse, postsynaptic cell membrane
Target 10 Gene Sequence >1422 bp 
ATGTGGGGCCTTGCGGGAGGAAGGCTTTTCGGCATCTTCTCGGCCCCGGTGCTGGTGGCT
GTGGTGTGCTGCGCCCAGAGTGTGAACGATCCCGGGAACATGTCCTTTGTGAAGGAGACG
GTGGACAAGCTGTTGAAAGGCTACGACATTCGCCTAAGACCCGACTTCGGGGGTCCCCCG
GTCTGCGTGGGGATGAACATCGACATCGCCAGCATCGACATGGTTTCCGAAGTCAACATG
GATTATACCTTAACCATGTATTTTCAACAATATTGGAGAGATAAAAGGCTCGCCTATTCT
GGGATCCCTCTCAACCTCACGCTTGACAATCGAGTGGCTGACCAGCTATGGGTGCCCGAC
ACATATTTCTTAAATGACAAAAAGTCATTTGTGCATGGAGTGACAGTGAAAAACCGCATG
ATCCGTCTTCACCCTGATGGGACAGTGCTGTATGGGCTCAGAATCACCACGACAGCAGCA
TGCATGATGGACCTCAGGAGATACCCCCTGGACGAGCAGAACTGCACTCTGGAAATTGAA
AGCTATGGCTACACCACGGATGACATTGAGTTTTACTGGCGAGGCGGGGACAAGGCTGTT
ACCGGAGTGGAAAGGATTGAGCTCCCGCAGTTCTCCATCGTGGAGCACCGTCTGGTCTCG
AGGAATGTTGTCTTCGCCACAGGTGCCTATCCTCGACTGTCACTGAGCTTTCGGTTGAAG
AGGAACATTGGATACTTCATTCTTCAGACTTATATGCCCTCTATACTGATAACGATTCTG
TCGTGGGTGTCCTTCTGGATCAATTATGATGCATCTGCTGCTAGAGTTGCCCTCGGGATC
ACAACTGTGCTGACAATGACAACCATCAACACCCACCTTCGGGAGACCTTGCCCAAAATC
CCCTATGTCAAAGCCATTGACATGTACCTTATGGGCTGCTTCGTCTTTGTGTTCCTGGCC
CTTCTGGAGTATGCCTTTGTCAACTACATTTTCTTTGGAAGAGGCCCTCAAAGGCAGAAG
AAGCTTGCAGAAAAGACAGCCAAGGCAAAGAATGACCGTTCAAAGAGCGAAAGCAACCGG
GTGGATGCTCATGGAAATATTCTGTTGACATCGCTGGAAGTTCACAATGAAATGAATGAG
GTCTCAGGCGGCATTGGCGATACCAGGAATTCAGCAATATCCTTTGACAACTCAGGAATC
CAGTACAGGAAACAGAGCATGCCTCGAGAAGGGCATGGGCGATTCCTGGGGGACAGAAGC
CTCCCGCACAAGAAGACCCATCTACGGAGGAGGTCTTCACAGCTCAAAATTAAAATACCT
GATCTAACCGATGTGAATGCCATAGACAGATGGTCCAGGATCGTGTTTCCATTCACTTTT
TCTCTTTTCAACTTAGTTTACTGGCTGTACTATGTTAACTGA
Target 10 GenBank Gene ID Not Available
Target 10 GeneCard ID GABRB3 Link Image
Target 10 GenAtlas ID GABRB3 Link Image
Target 10 HGNC ID HGNC:4083 Link Image
Target 10 Chromosome Location Chromosome:15
Target 10 Locus 15q11.2-q12
Target 10 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Target 10 Toxin References
  • W824 - Selala MI, Daelemans F, Schepens PJ. Fungal tremorgens: the mechanism of action of single nitrogen containing toxins--a hypothesis. Drug Chem Toxicol. 1989 Sep-Dec;12(3-4):237-57. [PubMed Link Image]
Target 10 General References 1664410; 15489334; 8382702; 1714232; 12189488; 18514161
Target 11 [top]
Target 11 ID 189
Target 11 Name Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta
Target 11 Mechanism of Action Tremorgenic mycotoxins are thought to inhibit gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors, both pre- and postsynaptic, as well as inhibit transmitter breakdown at the GABA-T receptors. This would initially increase neurotransmitter levels, potentiating the GABA-induced chloride current, then lead to decreased levels of neurotransmitter in the synapse. (W824)
Target 11 Description GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel
Target 11 Synonyms
  1. GABA(A) receptor subunit delta
Target 11 Gene Name GABRD
Target 11 Protein Sequence >Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta 
MDAPARLLAPLLLLCAQQLRGTRAMNDIGDYVGSNLEISWLPNLDGLIAGYARNFRPGIG
GPPVNVALALEVASIDHISEANMEYTMTVFLHQSWRDSRLSYNHTNETLGLDSRFVDKLW
LPDTFIVNAKSAWFHDVTVENKLIRLQPDGVILYSIRITSTVACDMDLAKYPMDEQECML
DLESYGYSSEDIVYYWSESQEHIHGLDKLQLAQFTITSYRFTTELMNFKSAGQFPRLSLH
FHLRRNRGVYIIQSYMPSVLLVAMSWVSFWISQAAVPARVSLGITTVLTMTTLMVSARSS
LPRASAIKALDVYFWICYVFVFAALVEYAFAHFNADYRKKQKAKVKVSRPRAEMDVRNAI
VLFSLSAAGVTQELAISRRQRRVPGNLMGSYRSVGVETGETKKEGAARSGGQGGIRARLR
PIDADTIDIYARAVFPAAFAAVNVIYWAAYAM
Target 11 Number of Residues 452
Target 11 Molecular Weight 50707.8
Target 11 Theoretical pI 8.73
Target 11 GO Classification
Function
neurotransmitter receptor activity
transporter activity
ion transporter activity
ion channel activity
ligand-gated ion channel activity
extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
signal transducer activity
receptor activity
transmembrane receptor activity
GABA receptor activity
GABA-A receptor activity
Process
physiological process
cellular physiological process
transport
ion transport
Component
postsynaptic membrane
cell
membrane
intrinsic to membrane
integral to membrane
Target 11 General Function Involved in chloride channel activity
Target 11 Pathways Not Available
Target 11 Reactions Not Available
Target 11 Signals
  • 1-16
Target 11 Transmembrane Regions
  • 249-271
  • 275-297
  • 309-331
  • 430-452
Target 11 Essentiality Non Essential
Target 11 Domain Function PF02931:Neur_chan_LBD PF02932:Neur_chan_memb
Target 11 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Target 11 UniProtKB ID O14764 Link Image
Target 11 Cellular Location Cell junction, synapse, postsynaptic cell membrane
Target 11 Gene Sequence Not Available
Target 11 GenBank Gene ID Not Available
Target 11 GeneCard ID GABRD Link Image
Target 11 GenAtlas ID GABRD Link Image
Target 11 HGNC ID HGNC:4084 Link Image
Target 11 Chromosome Location Not Available
Target 11 Locus 1p|1p36.3
Target 11 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Target 11 Toxin References
  • W824 - Selala MI, Daelemans F, Schepens PJ. Fungal tremorgens: the mechanism of action of single nitrogen containing toxins--a hypothesis. Drug Chem Toxicol. 1989 Sep-Dec;12(3-4):237-57. [PubMed Link Image]
Target 11 General References 16710414; 15489334; 15115768
Target 12 [top]
Target 12 ID 391
Target 12 Name Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon
Target 12 Mechanism of Action Tremorgenic mycotoxins are thought to inhibit gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors, both pre- and postsynaptic, as well as inhibit transmitter breakdown at the GABA-T receptors. This would initially increase neurotransmitter levels, potentiating the GABA-induced chloride current, then lead to decreased levels of neurotransmitter in the synapse. (W824)
Target 12 Description GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel
Target 12 Synonyms
  1. GABA(A) receptor subunit epsilon
Target 12 Gene Name GABRE
Target 12 Protein Sequence >Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon 
MLSKVLPVLLGILLILQSRVEGPQTESKNEASSRDVVYGPQPQPLENQLLSEETKSTETE
TGSRVGKLPEASRILNTILSNYDHKLRPGIGEKPTVVTVEISVNSLGPLSILDMEYTIDI
IFSQTWYDERLCYNDTFESLVLNGNVVSQLWIPDTFFRNSKRTHEHEITMPNQMVRIYKD
GKVLYTIRMTIDAGCSLHMLRFPMDSHSCPLSFSSFSYPENEMIYKWENFKLEINEKNSW
KLFQFDFTGVSNKTEIITTPVGDFMVMTIFFNVSRRFGYVAFQNYVPSSVTTMLSWVSFW
IKTESAPARTSLGITSVLTMTTLGTFSRKNFPRVSYITALDFYIAICFVFCFCALLEFAV
LNFLIYNQTKAHASPKLRHPRINSRAHARTRARSRACARQHQEAFVCQIVTTEGSDGEER
PSCSAQQPPSPGSPEGPRSLCSKLACCEWCKRFKKYFCMVPDCEGSTWQQGRLCIHVYRL
DNYSRVVFPVTFFFFNVLYWLVCLNL
Target 12 Number of Residues 506
Target 12 Molecular Weight 57971.2
Target 12 Theoretical pI 8.09
Target 12 GO Classification
Function
neurotransmitter receptor activity
transporter activity
ion transporter activity
ion channel activity
ligand-gated ion channel activity
extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
signal transducer activity
receptor activity
transmembrane receptor activity
GABA receptor activity
GABA-A receptor activity
Process
physiological process
cellular physiological process
transport
ion transport
Component
postsynaptic membrane
cell
membrane
intrinsic to membrane
integral to membrane
Target 12 General Function Involved in chloride channel activity
Target 12 Pathways Not Available
Target 12 Reactions Not Available
Target 12 Signals
  • 1-22
Target 12 Transmembrane Regions
  • 254-274
  • 281-301
  • 344-364
  • 486-506
Target 12 Essentiality Non Essential
Target 12 Domain Function PF02931:Neur_chan_LBD PF02932:Neur_chan_memb
Target 12 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Target 12 UniProtKB ID P78334 Link Image
Target 12 Cellular Location Cell junction, synapse, postsynaptic cell membrane
Target 12 Gene Sequence >1521 bp 
ATGTTGTCCAAAGTTCTTCCAGTCCTCCTAGGCATCTTATTGATCCTCCAGTCGAGGGTC
GAGGGACCTCAGACTGAATCAAAGAATGAAGCCTCTTCCCGTGATGTTGTCTATGGCCCC
CAGCCCCAGCCTCTGGAAAATCAGCTCCTCTCTGAGGAAACAAAGTCAACTGAGACTGAG
ACTGGGAGCAGAGTTGGCAAACTGCCAGAAGCCTCTCGCATCCTGAACACTATCCTGAGT
AATTATGACCACAAACTGCGCCCTGGCATTGGAGAGAAGCCCACTGTGGTCACTGTTGAG
ATCGCCGTCAACAGCCTTGGTCCTCTCTCTATCCTAGACATGGAATACACCATTGACATC
ATCTTCTCCCAGACCTGGTACGACGAACGCCTCTGTTACAACGACACCTTTGAGTCTCTT
GTTCTGAATGGCAATGTGGTGAGCCAGCTATGGATCCCGGACACCTTTTTTAGGAATTCT
AAGAGGACCCACGAGCATGAGATCACCATGCCCAACCAGATGGTCCGCATCTACAAGGAT
GGCAAGGTGTTGTACACAATTAGGATGACCATTGATGCCGGATGCTCACTCCACATGCTC
AGATTTCCAATGGATTCTCACTCTTGCCCTCTATCTTTCTCTAGCTTTTCCTATCCTGAG
AATGAGATGATCTACAAGTGGGAAAATTTCAAGCTTGAAATCAATGAGAAGAACTCCTGG
AAGCTCTTCCAGTTTGATTTTACAGGAGTGAGCAACAAAACTGAAATAATCACAACCCCA
GTTGGTGACTTCATGGTCATGACGATTTTCTTCAATGTGAGCAGGCGGTTTGGCTATGTT
GCCTTTCAAAACTATGTCCCTTCTTCCGTGACCACGATGCTCTCCTGGGTTTCCTTTTGG
ATCAAGACAGAGTCTGCTCCAGCCCGGACCTCTCTAGGGATCACCTCTGTTCTGACCATG
ACCACGTTGGGCACCTTTTCTCGTAAGAATTTCCCGCGTGTCTCCTATATCACAGCCTTG
GATTTCTATATCGCCATCTGCTTCGTCTTCTGCTTCTGCGCTCTGTTGGAGTTTGCTGTG
CTCAACTTCCTGATCTACAACCAGACAAAAGCCCATGCTTCTCCTAAACTCCGCCATCCT
CGTATCAATAGCCGTGCCCATGCCCGTACCCGTGCACGTTCCCGAGCCTGTGCCCGCCAA
CATCAGGAAGCTTTTGTGTGCCAGATTGTCACCACTGAGGGAAGTGATGGAGAGGAGCGC
CCGTCTTGCTCAGCCCAGCAGCCCCCTAGCCCAGGTAGCCCTGAGGGTCCCCGCAGCCTC
TGCTCCAAGCTGGCCTGCTGTGAGTGGTGCAAGCGTTTTAAGAAGTACTTCTGCATGGTC
CCCGATTGTGAGGGCAGTACCTGGCAGCAGGGCCGCCTCTGCATCCATGTCTACCGCCTG
GATAACTACTCGAGAGTTGTTTTCCCAGTGACTTTCTTCTTCTTCAATGTGCTCTACTGG
CTTGTTTGCCTTAACTTGTAG
Target 12 GenBank Gene ID Not Available
Target 12 GeneCard ID GABRE Link Image
Target 12 GenAtlas ID GABRE Link Image
Target 12 HGNC ID HGNC:4085 Link Image
Target 12 Chromosome Location Not Available
Target 12 Locus Xq28
Target 12 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Target 12 Toxin References
  • W824 - Selala MI, Daelemans F, Schepens PJ. Fungal tremorgens: the mechanism of action of single nitrogen containing toxins--a hypothesis. Drug Chem Toxicol. 1989 Sep-Dec;12(3-4):237-57. [PubMed Link Image]
Target 12 General References 9039914; 9339354; 9084408
Target 13 [top]
Target 13 ID 65
Target 13 Name Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1
Target 13 Mechanism of Action Tremorgenic mycotoxins are thought to inhibit gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors, both pre- and postsynaptic, as well as inhibit transmitter breakdown at the GABA-T receptors. This would initially increase neurotransmitter levels, potentiating the GABA-induced chloride current, then lead to decreased levels of neurotransmitter in the synapse. (W824)
Target 13 Description GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel
Target 13 Synonyms
  1. GABA(A) receptor subunit gamma-1
Target 13 Gene Name GABRG1
Target 13 Protein Sequence >Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1 
MGPLKAFLFSPFLLRSQSRGVRLVFLLLTLHLGNCVDKADDEDDEDLTVNKTWVLAPKIH
EGDITQILNSLLQGYDNKLRPDIGVRPTVIETDVYVNSIGPVDPINMEYTIDIIFAQTWF
DSRLKFNSTMKVLMLNSNMVGKIWIPDTFFRNSRKSDAHWITTPNRLLRIWNDGRVLYTL
RLTINAECYLQLHNFPMDEHSCPLEFSSYGYPKNEIEYKWKKPSVEVADPKYWRLYQFAF
VGLRNSTEITHTISGDYVIMTIFFDLSRRMGYFTIQTYIPCILTVVLSWVSFWINKDAVP
ARTSLGITTVLTMTTLSTIARKSLPKVSYVTAMDLFVSVCFIFVFAALMEYGTLHYFTSN
QKGKTATKDRKLKNKASMTPGLHPGSTLIPMNNISVPQEDDYGYQCLEGKDCASFFCCFE
DCRTGSWREGRIHIRIAKIDSYSRIFFPTAFALFNLVYWVGYLYL
Target 13 Number of Residues 465
Target 13 Molecular Weight 53594.5
Target 13 Theoretical pI 8.23
Target 13 GO Classification
Function
neurotransmitter receptor activity
transporter activity
ion transporter activity
ion channel activity
ligand-gated ion channel activity
extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
signal transducer activity
receptor activity
transmembrane receptor activity
GABA receptor activity
GABA-A receptor activity
Process
cellular process
cell communication
signal transduction
cell surface receptor linked signal transduction
G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway
gamma-aminobutyric acid signaling pathway
anion transport
inorganic anion transport
chloride transport
physiological process
cellular physiological process
transport
ion transport
Component
postsynaptic membrane
cell
membrane
intrinsic to membrane
integral to membrane
Target 13 General Function Involved in chloride channel activity
Target 13 Pathways Not Available
Target 13 Reactions Not Available
Target 13 Signals
  • 1-35
Target 13 Transmembrane Regions
  • 273-294
  • 299-320
  • 332-354
  • 445-465
Target 13 Essentiality Non Essential
Target 13 Domain Function PF02931:Neur_chan_LBD PF02932:Neur_chan_memb
Target 13 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Target 13 UniProtKB ID Q8N1C3 Link Image
Target 13 Cellular Location Cell junction, synapse, postsynaptic cell membrane
Target 13 Gene Sequence >1398 bp 
ATGGGTCCTTTGAAAGCTTTTCTCTTCTCCCCTTTTCTTCTGCGGAGTCAAAGTAGAGGG
GTGAGGTTGGTCTTCTTGTTACTGACCCTGCATTTGGGAAACTGTGTTGATAAGGCAGAT
GATGAAGATGATGAGGATTTAACGGTGAACAAAACCTGGGTCTTGGCCCCAAAAATTCAT
GAAGGAGATATCACACAAATTCTGAATTCATTGCTTCAAGGCTATGACAATAAACTTCGT
CCAGATATAGGAGTGAGGCCCACAGTAATTGAAACTGATGTTTATGTAAACAGCATTGGA
CCAGTTGATCCAATTAATATGGAATATACAATAGATATAATTTTTGCCCAAACCTGGTTT
GACAGTCGTTTAAAATTCAATAGTACCATGAAAGTGCTTATGCTTAACAGTAATATGGTT
GGAAAAATTTGGATTCCTGACACTTTCTTCAGAAACTCAAGAAAATCTGATGCTCACTGG
ATAACAACTCCTAATCGTCTGCTTCGAATTTGGAATGATGGACGAGTTCTGTATACTCTA
AGATTGACAATTAATGCAGAATGTTATCTTCAGCTTCATAACTTTCCCATGGATGAACAT
TCCTGTCCACTGGAATTTTCAAGCTATGGATACCCTAAAAATGAAATTGAGTATAAGTGG
AAAAAGCCCTCCGTAGAAGTGGCTGATCCTAAATACTGGAGATTATATCAGTTTGCATTT
GTAGGGTTACGGAACTCAACTGAAATCACTCACACGATCTCTGGGGATTATGTTATCATG
ACAATTTTTTTTGACCTGAGCAGAAGAATGGGATATTTCACTATTCAGACCTACATTCCA
TGCATTCTGACAGTTGTTCTTTCTTGGGTGTCTTTTTGGATCAATAAAGATGCAGTGCCT
GCAAGAACATCGTTGGGTATCACTACAGTTCTGACTATGACAACCCTGAGTACAATTGCC
AGGAAGTCTTTACCTAAGGTTTCTTATGTGACTGCGATGGATCTCTTTGTTTCTGTTTGT
TTCATTTTTGTTTTTGCAGCCTTGATGGAATATGGAACCTTGCATTATTTTACCAGCAAC
CAAAAAGGAAAGACTGCTACTAAAGACAGAAAGCTAAAAAATAAAGCCTCGATGACTCCT
GGTCTCCATCCTGGATCCACTCTGATTCCAATGAATAATATTTCTGTGCCGCAAGAAGAT
GATTATGGGTATCAGTGTTTGGAGGGCAAAGATTGTGCCAGCTTCTTCTGTTGCTTTGAA
GACTGCAGAACAGGATCTTGGAGGGAAGGAAGGATACACATACGCATTGCCAAAATTGAC
TCTTATTCTAGAATATTTTTCCCAACCGCTTTTGCCCTGTTCAACTTGGTTTATTGGGTT
GGCTATCTTTACTTATAA
Target 13 GenBank Gene ID Not Available
Target 13 GeneCard ID GABRG1 Link Image
Target 13 GenAtlas ID GABRG1 Link Image
Target 13 HGNC ID HGNC:4086 Link Image
Target 13 Chromosome Location Not Available
Target 13 Locus 4p12
Target 13 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Target 13 Toxin References
  • W824 - Selala MI, Daelemans F, Schepens PJ. Fungal tremorgens: the mechanism of action of single nitrogen containing toxins--a hypothesis. Drug Chem Toxicol. 1989 Sep-Dec;12(3-4):237-57. [PubMed Link Image]
Target 13 General References 14702039; 17974005; 15489334
Target 14 [top]
Target 14 ID 31
Target 14 Name Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2
Target 14 Mechanism of Action Tremorgenic mycotoxins are thought to inhibit gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors, both pre- and postsynaptic, as well as inhibit transmitter breakdown at the GABA-T receptors. This would initially increase neurotransmitter levels, potentiating the GABA-induced chloride current, then lead to decreased levels of neurotransmitter in the synapse. (W824)
Target 14 Description GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel
Target 14 Synonyms
  1. GABA(A) receptor subunit gamma-2
Target 14 Gene Name GABRG2
Target 14 Protein Sequence >Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2 
MSSPNIWSTGSSVYSTPVFSQKMTVWILLLLSLYPGFTSQKSDDDYEDYASNKTWVLTPK
VPEGDVTVILNNLLEGYDNKLRPDIGVKPTLIHTDMYVNSIGPVNAINMEYTIDIFFAQT
WYDRRLKFNSTIKVLRLNSNMVGKIWIPDTFFRNSKKADAHWITTPNRMLRIWNDGRVLY
TLRLTIDAECQLQLHNFPMDEHSCPLEFSSYGYPREEIVYQWKRSSVEVGDTRSWRLYQF
SFVGLRNTTEVVKTTSGDYVVMSVYFDLSRRMGYFTIQTYIPCTLIVVLSWVSFWINKDA
VPARTSLGITTVLTMTTLSTIARKSLPKVSYVTAMDLFVSVCFIFVFSALVEYGTLHYFV
SNRKPSKDKDKKKKNPAPTIDIRPRSATIQMNNATHLQERDEEYGYECLDGKDCASFFCC
FEDCRTGAWRHGRIHIRIAKMDSYARIFFPTAFCLFNLVYWVSYLYL
Target 14 Number of Residues 467
Target 14 Molecular Weight 54161.8
Target 14 Theoretical pI 8.60
Target 14 GO Classification
Function
neurotransmitter receptor activity
transporter activity
ion transporter activity
ion channel activity
ligand-gated ion channel activity
extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
signal transducer activity
receptor activity
transmembrane receptor activity
GABA receptor activity
GABA-A receptor activity
Process
cellular process
cell communication
signal transduction
cell surface receptor linked signal transduction
G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway
gamma-aminobutyric acid signaling pathway
anion transport
inorganic anion transport
chloride transport
physiological process
cellular physiological process
transport
ion transport
Component
postsynaptic membrane
cell
membrane
intrinsic to membrane
integral to membrane
Target 14 General Function Involved in benzodiazepine receptor activity
Target 14 Pathways Not Available
Target 14 Reactions Not Available
Target 14 Signals
  • 1-39
Target 14 Transmembrane Regions
  • 274-296
  • 300-322
  • 334-356
  • 444-466
Target 14 Essentiality Non Essential
Target 14 Domain Function PF02931:Neur_chan_LBD PF02932:Neur_chan_memb
Target 14 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Target 14 UniProtKB ID P18507 Link Image
Target 14 Cellular Location Cell junction, synapse, postsynaptic cell membrane
Target 14 Gene Sequence >1404 bp 
ATGAGTTCACCAAATATATGGAGCACAGGAAGCTCAGTCTACTCGACTCCTGTATTTTCA
CAGAAAATGACGGTGTGGATTCTGCTCCTGCTGTCGCTCTACCCTGGCTTCACTAGCCAG
AAATCTGATGATGACTATGAAGATTATGCTTCTAACAAAACATGGGTCTTGACTCCAAAA
GTTCCTGAGGGTGATGTCACTGTCATCTTAAACAACCTGCTGGAAGGATATGACAATAAA
CTTCGGCCTGATATAGGAGTGAAGCCAACGTTAATTCACACAGACATGTATGTGAATAGC
ATTGGTCCAGTGAACGCTATCAATATGGAATACACTATTGATATATTTTTTGCGCAAATG
TGGTATGACAGACGTTTGAAATTTAACAGCACCATTAAAGTCCTCCGATTGAACAGCAAC
ATGGTGGGGAAAATCTGGATTCCAGACACTTTCTTCAGAAATTCCAAAAAAGCTGATGCA
CACTGGATCACCACCCCCAACAGGATGCTGAGAATTTGGAATGATGGTCGAGTGCTCTAC
TCCCTAAGGTTGACAATTGATGCTGAGTGCCAATTACAATTGCACAATTTTCCAATGGAT
GAACACTCCTGCCCCTTGGAGTTCTCCAGTTATGGCTATCCACGTGAAGAAATTGTTTAT
CAATGGAAGCGAAGTTCTGTTGAAGTGGGCGACACAAGATCCTGGAGGCTTTATCAATTC
TCATTTGTTGGTCTAAGAAATACCACCGAAGTAGTGAAGACAACTTCCGGAGATTATGTG
GTCATGTCTGTCTACTTTGATCTGAGCAGAAGAATGGGATACTTTACCATCCAGACCTAT
ATCCCCTGCACACTCATTGTCGTCCTATCCTGGGTGTCTTTCTGGATCAATAAGGATGCT
GTTCCAGCCAGAACATCTTTAGGTATCACCACTGTCCTGACAATGACCACCCTCAGCACC
ATTGCCCGGAAATCGCTCCCCAAGGTCTCCTATGTCACAGCGATGGATCTCTTTGTATCT
GTTTGTTTCATCTTTGTCTTCTCTGCTCTGGTGGAGTATGGCACCTTGCATTATTTTGTC
AGCAACCGGAAACCAAGCAAGGACAAAGATAAAAAGAAGAAAAACCCTGCCCCTACCATT
GATATCCGCCCAAGATCAGCAACCATTCAAATGAATAATGCTACACACCTTCAAGAGAGA
GATGAAGAGTACGGCTATGAGTGTCTGGACGGCAAGGACTGTGCCAGTTTTTTCTGCTGT
TTTGAAGATTGTCGAACAGGAGCTTGGAGACATGGGAGGATACATATCCGCATTGCCAAA
ATGGACTCCTATGCTCGGATCTTCTTCCCCACTGCCTTCTGCCTGTTTAATCTGGTCTAT
TGGGTCTCCTACCTCTACCTGTGA
Target 14 GenBank Gene ID Not Available
Target 14 GeneCard ID GABRG2 Link Image
Target 14 GenAtlas ID GABRG2 Link Image
Target 14 HGNC ID HGNC:4087 Link Image
Target 14 Chromosome Location Not Available
Target 14 Locus 5q31.1-q33.1
Target 14 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Target 14 Toxin References
  • W824 - Selala MI, Daelemans F, Schepens PJ. Fungal tremorgens: the mechanism of action of single nitrogen containing toxins--a hypothesis. Drug Chem Toxicol. 1989 Sep-Dec;12(3-4):237-57. [PubMed Link Image]
Target 14 General References 2538761; 11328646; 15489334; 9892355; 11326274; 11326275; 16924025
Target 15 [top]
Target 15 ID 135
Target 15 Name Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3
Target 15 Mechanism of Action Tremorgenic mycotoxins are thought to inhibit gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors, both pre- and postsynaptic, as well as inhibit transmitter breakdown at the GABA-T receptors. This would initially increase neurotransmitter levels, potentiating the GABA-induced chloride current, then lead to decreased levels of neurotransmitter in the synapse. (W824)
Target 15 Description GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel
Target 15 Synonyms
  1. GABA(A) receptor subunit gamma-3
Target 15 Gene Name GABRG3
Target 15 Protein Sequence >Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3 
MAPKLLLLLCLFSGLHARSRKVEEDEYEDSSSNQKWVLAPKSQDTDVTLILNKLLREYDK
KLRPDIGIKPTVIDVDIYVNSIGPVSSINMEYQIDIFFAQTWTDSRLRFNSTMKILTLNS
NMVGLIWIPDTIFRNSKTAEAHWITTPNQLLRIWNDGKILYTLRLTINAECQLQLHNFPM
DEHSCPLIFSSYGYPKEEMIYRWRKNSVEAADQKSWRLYQFDFMGLRNTTEIVTTSAGDY
VVMTIYFELSRRMGYFTIQTYIPCILTVVLSWVSFWIKKDATPARTALGITTVLTMTTLS
TIARKSLPRVSYVTAMDLFVTVCFLFVFAALMEYATLNYYSSCRKPTTTKKTTSLLHPDS
SRWIPERISLQAPSNYSLLDMRPPPTAMITLNNSVYWQEFEDTCVYECLDGKDCQSFFCC
YEECKSGSWRKGRIHIDILELDSYSRVFFPTSFLLFNLVYWVGYLYL
Target 15 Number of Residues 467
Target 15 Molecular Weight 54288.2
Target 15 Theoretical pI 7.58
Target 15 GO Classification
Function
neurotransmitter receptor activity
transporter activity
ion transporter activity
ion channel activity
ligand-gated ion channel activity
extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
signal transducer activity
receptor activity
transmembrane receptor activity
GABA receptor activity
GABA-A receptor activity
Process
cellular process
cell communication
signal transduction
cell surface receptor linked signal transduction
G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway
gamma-aminobutyric acid signaling pathway
anion transport
inorganic anion transport
chloride transport
physiological process
cellular physiological process
transport
ion transport
Component
postsynaptic membrane
cell
membrane
intrinsic to membrane
integral to membrane
Target 15 General Function Involved in chloride channel activity
Target 15 Pathways Not Available
Target 15 Reactions Not Available
Target 15 Signals
  • 1-17
Target 15 Transmembrane Regions
  • 255-277
  • 281-303
  • 315-337
  • 444-467
Target 15 Essentiality Non Essential
Target 15 Domain Function PF02931:Neur_chan_LBD PF02932:Neur_chan_memb
Target 15 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Target 15 UniProtKB ID Q99928 Link Image
Target 15 Cellular Location Cell junction, synapse, postsynaptic cell membrane
Target 15 Gene Sequence >1404 bp 
ATGGCCCCGAAGCTGCTGCTCCTCCTCTGCCTGTTCTCGGGCTTGCACGCGCGGTCCAGA
AAGGTGGAAGAGGATGAATATGAAGATTCATCATCAAACCAAAAGTGGGTCTTGGCTCCA
AAATCCCAAGACACCGACGTGACTCTTATTCTCAACAAGTTGCTAAGAGAGTATGATAAA
AAGCTGAGGCCAGATATTGGAATAAAACCGACCGTAATTGACGTTGACATTTATGTTAAC
AGCATTGGTCCTGTGTCATCAATAAACATGGAATACCAAATTGACATATTTTTTGCTCAG
ACCTGGACAGATAGTCGCCTTCGATTCAACAGCACAATGAAAATTCTTACTCTGAACAGC
AACATGGTGGGGTTAATCTGGATCCCAGACACCATCTTCCGCAATTCTAAAACCGCAGAG
GCTCACTGGATCACCACACCCAATCAGCTCCTCCGGATTTGGAATGACGGGAAAATCCTT
TACACTTTGAGGCTCACCATCAATGCTGAGTGCCAGCTGCAGCTGCACAACTTCCCCATG
GACGAACACTCCTGCCCGCTGATTTTCTCCAGCTATGGCTATCCCAAAGAAGAAATGATT
TATAGATGGAGAAAAAATTCAGTGGAGGCAGCTGACCAGAAATCATGGCGGCTTTATCAG
TTTGACTTCATGGGCCTCAGAAACACCACAGAAATCGTGACAACGTCTGCAGGTGATTAT
GTTGTCATGACTATATATTTTGAATTGAGTAGAAGAATGGGATACTTCACCATTCAGACA
TACATTCCCTGTATACTGACTGTGGTTTTATCCTGGGTGTCATTTTGGATCAAAAAAGAT
GCTACGCCAGCAAGAACAGCATTAGGCATCACCACGGTGCTGACCATGACCACCCTGAGC
ACCATCGCCAGGAAGTCCTTGCCACGCGTGTCCTACGTGACCGCCATGGACCTTTTTGTG
ACTGTGTGCTTCCTGTTTGTCTTCGCCGCGCTGATGGAGTATGCCACCCTCAACTACTAT
TCCAGCTGTAGAAAACCAACCACCACGAAAAAGACAACATCGTTACTACATCCAGATTCC
TCAAGATGGATTCCTGAGCGAATAAGCCTACAAGCCCCTTCCAACTATTCCCTCCTGGAC
ATGAGGCCACCACCACCTGCGATGATCACTTTAAACAATTCCGTTTACTGGCAGGAATTT
GAAGATACCTGTGTCTATGAGTGTCTGGATGGCAAAGACTGTCAGAGCTTCTTCTGCTGC
TATGAAGAATGTAAATCAGGATCCTGGAGGAAAGGGCGTATTCACATAGACATCTTGGAG
CTGGACTCGTACTCCCGGGTCTTTTTCCCCACGTCCTTCCTGCTCTTTAACCTGGTCTAC
TGGGTTGGATACCTGTATCTCTAA
Target 15 GenBank Gene ID Not Available
Target 15 GeneCard ID GABRG3 Link Image
Target 15 GenAtlas ID GABRG3 Link Image
Target 15 HGNC ID HGNC:4088 Link Image
Target 15 Chromosome Location Chromosome:15
Target 15 Locus 15q12
Target 15 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Target 15 Toxin References
  • W824 - Selala MI, Daelemans F, Schepens PJ. Fungal tremorgens: the mechanism of action of single nitrogen containing toxins--a hypothesis. Drug Chem Toxicol. 1989 Sep-Dec;12(3-4):237-57. [PubMed Link Image]
Target 15 General References 8719414
Target 16 [top]
Target 16 ID 244
Target 16 Name Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi
Target 16 Mechanism of Action Tremorgenic mycotoxins are thought to inhibit gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors, both pre- and postsynaptic, as well as inhibit transmitter breakdown at the GABA-T receptors. This would initially increase neurotransmitter levels, potentiating the GABA-induced chloride current, then lead to decreased levels of neurotransmitter in the synapse. (W824)
Target 16 Description GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel. In the uterus, the function of the receptor appears to be related to tissue contractility. The binding of this pI subunit with other GABA(A) receptor subunits alters the sensitivity of recombinant receptors to modulatory agents such as pregnanolone
Target 16 Synonyms
  1. GABA(A) receptor subunit pi
Target 16 Gene Name GABRP
Target 16 Protein Sequence >Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi 
MNYSLHLAFVCLSLFTERMCIQGSQFNVEVGRSDKLSLPGFENLTAGYNKFLRPNFGGEP
VQIALTLDIASISSISESNMDYTATIYLRQRWMDQRLVFEGNKSFTLDARLVEFLWVPDT
YIVESKKSFLHEVTVGNRLIRLFSNGTVLYALRITTTVACNMDLSKYPMDTQTCKLQLES
WGYDGNDVEFTWLRGNDSVRGLEHLRLAQYTIERYFTLVTRSQQETGNYTRLVLQFELRR
NVLYFILETYVPSTFLVVLSWVSFWISLDSVPARTCIGVTTVLSMTTLMIGSRTSLPNTN
CFIKAIDVYLGICFSFVFGALLEYAVAHYSSLQQMAAKDRGTTKEVEEVSITNIINSSIS
SFKRKISFASIEISSDNVDYSDLTMKTSDKFKFVFREKMGRIVDYFTIQNPSNVDHYSKL
LFPLIFMLANVFYWAYYMYF
Target 16 Number of Residues 440
Target 16 Molecular Weight 50639.7
Target 16 Theoretical pI 6.99
Target 16 GO Classification
Function
neurotransmitter receptor activity
transporter activity
ion transporter activity
ion channel activity
ligand-gated ion channel activity
extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
signal transducer activity
receptor activity
transmembrane receptor activity
GABA receptor activity
GABA-A receptor activity
Process
physiological process
cellular physiological process
transport
ion transport
Component
postsynaptic membrane
cell
membrane
intrinsic to membrane
integral to membrane
Target 16 General Function Involved in chloride channel activity
Target 16 Pathways Not Available
Target 16 Reactions Not Available
Target 16 Signals
  • 1-16
Target 16 Transmembrane Regions
  • 243-266
  • 270-292
  • 305-327
  • 417-438
Target 16 Essentiality Non Essential
Target 16 Domain Function PF02931:Neur_chan_LBD PF02932:Neur_chan_memb
Target 16 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Target 16 UniProtKB ID O00591 Link Image
Target 16 Cellular Location Cell junction, synapse, postsynaptic cell membrane
Target 16 Gene Sequence >1323 bp 
ATGAACTACAGCCTCCACTTGGCCTTCGTGTGTCTGAGTCTCTTCACTGAGAGGATGTGC
ATCCAGGGGAGTCAGTTCAACGTCGAGGTCGGCAGAAGTGACAAGCTTTCCCTGCCTGGC
TTTGAGAACCTCACAGCAGGATATAACAAATTTCTCAGGCCCAATTTTGGTGGAGAACCC
GTACAGATAGCGCTGACTCTGGACATTGCAAGTATCTCTAGCATTTCAGAGAGTAACATG
GACTACACAGCCACCATATACCTCCGACAGCGCTGGATGGACCAGCGGCTGGTGTTTGAA
GGCAACAAGAGCTTCACTCTGGATGCCCGCCTCGTGGAGTTCCTCTGGGTGCCAGATACT
TACATTGTGGAGTCCAAGAAGTCCTTCCTCCATGAAGTCACTGTGGGAAACAGGCTCATC
CGCCTCTTCTCCAATGGCACGGTCCTGTATGCCCTCAGAATCACGACAACTGTTGCATGT
AACATGGATCTGTCTAAATACCCCATGGACACACAGACATGCAAGTTGCAGCTGGAAAGC
TGGGGCTATGATGGAAATGATGTGGAGTTCACCTGGCTGAGAGGGAACGACTCTGTGCGT
GGACTGGAACACCTGCGGCTTGCTCAGTACACCATAGAGCGGTATTTCACCTTAGTCACC
AGATCGCAGCAGGAGACAGGAAATTACACTAGATTGGTCTTACAGTTTGAGCTTCGGAGG
AATGTTCTGTATTTCATTTTGGAAACCTACGTTCCTTCCACTTTCCTGGTGGTGTTGTCC
TGGGTTTCATTTTGGATCTCTCTCGATTCAGTCCCTGCAAGAACCTGCATTGGAGTGACG
ACCGTGTTATCAATGACCACACTGATGATCGGGTCCCGCACTTCTCTTCCCAACACCAAC
TGCTTCATCAAGGCCATCGATGTGTACCTGGGGATCTGCTTTAGCTTTGTGTTTGGGGCC
TTGCTAGAATATGCAGTTGCTCACTACAGTTCCTTACAGCAGATGGCAGCCAAAGATAGG
GGGACAACAAAGGAAGTAGAAGAAGTCAGTATTACTAATATCATCAACAGCTCCATCTCC
AGCTTTAAACGGAAGATCAGCTTTGCCAGCATTGAAATTTCCAGCGACAACGTTGACTAC
AGTGACTTGACAATGAAAACCAGCGACAAGTTCAAGTTTGTCTTCCGAGAAAAGATGGGC
AGGATTGTTGATTATTTCACAATTCAAAACCCCAGTAATGTTGATCACTATTCCAAACTA
CTGTTTCCTTTGATTTTTATGCTAGCCAATGTATTTTACTGGGCATACTACATGTATTTT
TGA
Target 16 GenBank Gene ID Not Available
Target 16 GeneCard ID GABRP Link Image
Target 16 GenAtlas ID GABRP Link Image
Target 16 HGNC ID HGNC:4089 Link Image
Target 16 Chromosome Location Not Available
Target 16 Locus 5q33-q34
Target 16 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Target 16 Toxin References
  • W824 - Selala MI, Daelemans F, Schepens PJ. Fungal tremorgens: the mechanism of action of single nitrogen containing toxins--a hypothesis. Drug Chem Toxicol. 1989 Sep-Dec;12(3-4):237-57. [PubMed Link Image]
Target 16 General References 9182563; 15489334; 16959974
Target 17 [top]
Target 17 ID 127
Target 17 Name Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-1
Target 17 Mechanism of Action Tremorgenic mycotoxins are thought to inhibit gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors, both pre- and postsynaptic, as well as inhibit transmitter breakdown at the GABA-T receptors. This would initially increase neurotransmitter levels, potentiating the GABA-induced chloride current, then lead to decreased levels of neurotransmitter in the synapse. (W824)
Target 17 Description GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel. Rho-1 GABA receptor could play a role in retinal neurotransmission
Target 17 Synonyms
  1. GABA(A) receptor subunit rho-1
Target 17 Gene Name GABRR1
Target 17 Protein Sequence >Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-1 
MLAVPNMRFGIFLLWWGWVLATESRMHWPGREVHEMSKKGRPQRQRREVHEDAHKQVSPI
LRRSPDITKSPLTKSEQLLRIDDHDFSMRPGFGGPAIPVGVDVQVESLDSISEVDMDFTM
TLYLRHYWKDERLSFPSTNNLSMTFDGRLVKKIWVPDMFFVHSKRSFIHDTTTDNVMLRV
QPDGKVLYSLRVTVTAMCNMDFSRFPLDTQTCSLEIESYAYTEDDLMLYWKKGNDSLKTD
ERISLSQFLIQEFHTTTKLAFYSSTGWYNRLYINFTLRRHIFFFLLQTYFPATLMVMLSW
VSFWIDRRAVPARVPLGITTVLTMSTIITGVNASMPRVSYIKAVDIYLWVSFVFVFLSVL
EYAAVNYLTTVQERKEQKLREKLPCTSGLPPPRTAMLDGNYSDGEVNDLDNYMPENGEKP
DRMMVQLTLASERSSPQRKSQRSSYVSMRIDTHAIDKYSRIIFPAAYILFNLIYWSIFS
Target 17 Number of Residues 479
Target 17 Molecular Weight 55882.9
Target 17 Theoretical pI 8.86
Target 17 GO Classification
Function
neurotransmitter receptor activity
transporter activity
ion transporter activity
ion channel activity
ligand-gated ion channel activity
extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
signal transducer activity
receptor activity
transmembrane receptor activity
GABA receptor activity
GABA-A receptor activity
Process
physiological process
cellular physiological process
transport
ion transport
Component
postsynaptic membrane
cell
membrane
intrinsic to membrane
integral to membrane
Target 17 General Function Involved in chloride channel activity
Target 17 Pathways Not Available
Target 17 Reactions Not Available
Target 17 Signals
  • 1-21
Target 17 Transmembrane Regions
  • 282-305
  • 309-331
  • 343-365
  • 458-479
Target 17 Essentiality Non Essential
Target 17 Domain Function PF02931:Neur_chan_LBD PF02932:Neur_chan_memb
Target 17 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Target 17 UniProtKB ID P24046 Link Image
Target 17 Cellular Location Cell junction, synapse, postsynaptic cell membrane
Target 17 Gene Sequence >1422 bp 
ATGAGATTTGGCATCTTTCTTTTGTGGTGGGGATGGGTTTTGGCCACTGAAAGCAGAATG
CACTGGCCCGGAAGAGAAGTCCACGAGATGTCTAAGAAAGGCAGGCCCCAAAGACAAAGA
CGAGAAGTACATGAAGATGCCCACAAGCAAGTCAGCCCAATTCTGAGACGAAGTCCTGAC
ATCACCAAATCGCCTCTGACAAAGTCAGAACAGCTTCTGAGGATAGATGACCATGATTTC
AGCATGAGGCCTGGCTTTGGAGGCCCTGCCATTCCTGTTGGTGTGGATGTGCAGGTGGAG
AGTTTGGATAGCATCTCAGAGGTTGACATGGACTTTACGATGACCCTCTACCTGAGGCAC
TACTGGAAGGACGAGAGGCTGTCTTTTCCAAGCACCAACAACCTCAGCATGACGTTTGAT
GGCCGGCTGGTCAAGAAGATCTGGGTCCCTGACATGTTTTTCGTGCACTCCAAACGCTCC
TTCATCCACGACACCACCACAGACAACGTCATGTTGCGGGTCCAGCCTGATGGGAAAGTG
CTCTATAGTCTCAGGGTTACAGTAACTGCAATGTGCAACATGGACTTCAGCCGATTTCCC
TTGGACACACAAACGTGCTCTCTTGAAATTGAAAGCTATGCCTATACAGAAGATGACCTC
ATGCTGTACTGGAAAAAGGGCAATGACTCCTTAAAGACAGATGAACGGATCTCACTCTCC
CAGTTCCTCATTCAGGAATTCCACACCACCACCAAACTGGCTTTCTACAGCAGCACAGGC
TGGTACAACCGTCTCTACATTAATTTCACGTTGCGTCGCCACATCTTCTTCTTCTTGCTC
CAAACTTATTTCCCCGCTACCCTGATGGTCATGCTGTCCTGGGTGTCCTTCTGGATCGAC
CGCAGAGCCGTGCCTGCCAGAGTCCCCTTAGGTATCACAACGGTGCTGACCATGTCCACC
ATCATCACGGGCGTGAATGCCTCCATGCCGCGCGTCTCCTACATCAAGGCCGTGGACATC
TACCTCTGGGTCAGCTTTGTGTTCGTGTTCCTCTCGGTGCTGGAGTATGCGGCCGTCAAC
TACCTGACCACTGTGCAGGAGAGGAAGGAACAGAAGCTGCGGGAGAAGCTTCCCTGCACC
AGCGGATTACCTCCGCCCCGCACTGCAATGCTGGACGGCAACTACAGTGATGGGGAGGTG
AATGACCTGGACAACTACATGCCAGAGAATGGAGAGAAGCCCGACAGGATGATGGTGCAG
CTGACCCTGGCCTCAGAGAGGAGCTCCCCACAGAGGAAAAGTCAGAGAAGCAGCTATGTG
AGCATGAGAATCGACACCCACGCCATTGATAAATACTCCAGGATCATCTTTCCAGCAGCA
TACATTTTATTCAATTTAATATACTGGTCTATTTTCTCCTAG
Target 17 GenBank Gene ID Not Available
Target 17 GeneCard ID GABRR1 Link Image
Target 17 GenAtlas ID GABRR1 Link Image
Target 17 HGNC ID HGNC:4090 Link Image
Target 17 Chromosome Location Not Available
Target 17 Locus 6q14-q21|6q13-q16.3
Target 17 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Target 17 Toxin References
  • W824 - Selala MI, Daelemans F, Schepens PJ. Fungal tremorgens: the mechanism of action of single nitrogen containing toxins--a hypothesis. Drug Chem Toxicol. 1989 Sep-Dec;12(3-4):237-57. [PubMed Link Image]
Target 17 General References 1849271; 14702039; 14574404; 15489334
Target 18 [top]
Target 18 ID 53
Target 18 Name Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-2
Target 18 Mechanism of Action Tremorgenic mycotoxins are thought to inhibit gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors, both pre- and postsynaptic, as well as inhibit transmitter breakdown at the GABA-T receptors. This would initially increase neurotransmitter levels, potentiating the GABA-induced chloride current, then lead to decreased levels of neurotransmitter in the synapse. (W824)
Target 18 Description GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel. Rho-2 GABA receptor could play a role in retinal neurotransmission
Target 18 Synonyms
  1. GABA(A) receptor subunit rho-2
Target 18 Gene Name GABRR2
Target 18 Protein Sequence >Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-2 
MPYFTRLILFLFCLMVLVESRKPKRKRWTGQVEMPKPSHLYKKNLDVTKIRKGKPQQLLR
VDEHDFSMRPAFGGPAIPVGVDVQVESLDSISEVDMDFTMTLYLRHYWKDERLAFSSASN
KSMTFDGRLVKKIWVPDVFFVHSKRSFTHDTTTDNIMLRVFPDGHVLYSMRITVTAMCNM
DFSHFPLDSQTCSLELESYAYTDEDLMLYWKNGDESLKTDEKISLSQFLIQKFHTTSRLA
FYSSTGWYNRLYINFTLRRHIFFFLLQTYFPATLMVMLSWVSFWIDRRAVPARVSLGITT
VLTMTTIITGVNASMPRVSYVKAVDIYLWVSFVFVFLSVLEYAAVNYLTTVQERKERKLR
EKFPCMCGMLHSKTMMLDGSYSESEANSLAGYPRSHILTEEERQDKIVVHLGLSGEANAA
RKKGLLKGQTGFRIFQNTHAIDKYSRLIFPASYIFFNLIYWSVFS
Target 18 Number of Residues 465
Target 18 Molecular Weight 54150.4
Target 18 Theoretical pI 9.58
Target 18 GO Classification
Function
neurotransmitter receptor activity
transporter activity
ion transporter activity
ion channel activity
ligand-gated ion channel activity
extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
signal transducer activity
receptor activity
transmembrane receptor activity
GABA receptor activity
GABA-A receptor activity
Process
physiological process
cellular physiological process
transport
ion transport
Component
postsynaptic membrane
cell
membrane
intrinsic to membrane
integral to membrane
Target 18 General Function Involved in chloride channel activity
Target 18 Pathways Not Available
Target 18 Reactions Not Available
Target 18 Signals
  • 1-20
Target 18 Transmembrane Regions
  • 262-285
  • 289-311
  • 323-345
  • 444-465
Target 18 Essentiality Non Essential
Target 18 Domain Function PF02931:Neur_chan_LBD PF02932:Neur_chan_memb
Target 18 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Target 18 UniProtKB ID P28476 Link Image
Target 18 Cellular Location Cell junction, synapse, postsynaptic cell membrane
Target 18 Gene Sequence >1398 bp 
ATGCCTTATTTTACAAGACTCATTTTGTTCTTGTTTTGCTTGATGGTTCTCGTGGAGAGC
AGAAAACCCAAGAGGAAGCGATGGACAGGGCAGGTGGAAATGCCCAAGCCAAGTCACTTA
TATAAGAAGAACCTTGATGTGACCAAGATCCGGAAGGGAAAGCCTCAGCAGCTTCTCAGA
GTGGACGAGCACGACTTCAGCATGAGACCCGCCTTCGGAGGCCCTGCCATCCCGGTGGGC
GTGGACGTACAGGTGGAGAGCCTGGACAGCATCTCCGAGGTGGACATGGACTTCACTATG
ACCCTGTACCTGCGGCATTACTGGAAGGATGAGAGGCTAGCTTTCTCCAGCGCCAGCAAC
AAGAGCATGACCTTCGATGGCCGGCTGGTGAAGAAGATCTGGGTCCCTGATGTCTTCTTT
GTTCACTCCAAAAGATCGTTCACTCATGACACCACCACTGACAACATCATGCTGAGGGTG
TTCCCAGATGGACACGTGCTGTACAGCATGAGGATTACGGTCACTGCCATGTGCAACATG
GACTTCAGCCACTTTCCCCTGGACTCCCAGACCTGTTCTTTGGAGCTGGAGAGCTATGCC
TATACAGATGAAGATCTAATGCTGCACTGGAAGAATGGGGATGAATCCCTAAAAACAGAT
GAGAAGATCTCCTTGTCTCAGTTTCTGATTCAGAAATTTCACACAACTTCCAGGCTGGCC
TTCTACAGCAGCACTGGCTGGTACAACCGTCTGTACATTAACTTCACGTTGCGTCGCCAC
ATCTTCTTCTTCTTGCTCCAAACATATTTCCCTGCCACTCTGATGGTCATGCTGTCCTGG
GTGTCCTTCTGGATCGACCGCAGAGCTGTGCCTGCCAGAGTTTCACTGGGTATCACGACG
GTGCTGACCATGACCACCATCATCACGGGCGTGAATGCCTCCATGCCGCGCGTCTCCTAC
GTCAAGGCCGTGGACATCTACCTCTGGGTCAGCTTTGTGTTCGTGTTCCTCTCGGTGCTG
GAGTATGCGGCTGTCAACTACCTGACCACCGTGCAGGAGCGCAAGGAACGGAAGCTGCGG
GAGAAGTTCCCGTGCATGTGTGGAATGCTTCACTCAAAAACCATGATGCTGGATGGAAGC
TACAGTGAGTCTGAGGCCAACAGCCTGGCTGGGTACCCCAGAAGCCATATCCTGACAGAA
GAAGAAAGGCAAGACAAAATAGTGGTCCACCTGGGCCTGAGTGGTGAAGCCAACGCTGCC
AGAAAGAAGGGGCTTCTGAAGGGCCAGACGGGTTTTCGTATCTTCCAGAATACCCATGCC
ATTGACAAATACTCTAGGTTGATATTCCCTGCCTCCTACATATTTTTCAACTTAATTTAT
TGGTCAGTGTTTTCCTAG
Target 18 GenBank Gene ID Not Available
Target 18 GeneCard ID GABRR2 Link Image
Target 18 GenAtlas ID GABRR2 Link Image
Target 18 HGNC ID HGNC:4091 Link Image
Target 18 Chromosome Location Not Available
Target 18 Locus 6q14-q21|6q13-q16.3
Target 18 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Target 18 Toxin References
  • W824 - Selala MI, Daelemans F, Schepens PJ. Fungal tremorgens: the mechanism of action of single nitrogen containing toxins--a hypothesis. Drug Chem Toxicol. 1989 Sep-Dec;12(3-4):237-57. [PubMed Link Image]
Target 18 General References 1315307; 14574404; 15489334
Target 19 [top]
Target 19 ID 123
Target 19 Name Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-3
Target 19 Mechanism of Action Tremorgenic mycotoxins are thought to inhibit gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors, both pre- and postsynaptic, as well as inhibit transmitter breakdown at the GABA-T receptors. This would initially increase neurotransmitter levels, potentiating the GABA-induced chloride current, then lead to decreased levels of neurotransmitter in the synapse. (W824)
Target 19 Description GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel (By similarity)
Target 19 Synonyms
  1. GABA(A) receptor subunit rho-3
Target 19 Gene Name GABRR3
Target 19 Protein Sequence >Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-3 
MVLAFQLVSFTYIWIILKPNVCAASNIKMTHQRCSSSMKQTCKQETRMKKDDSTKARPQK
YEQLLHIEDNDFAMRPGFGGSPVPVGIDVHVESIDSISETNMDFTMTFYLRHYWKDERLS
FPSTANKSMTFDHRLTRKIWVPDIFFVHSKRSFIHDTTMENIMLRVHPDGNVLLSLRITV
SAMCFMDFSRFPLDTQNCSLELESYAYNEDDLMLYWKHGNKSLNTEEHMSLSQFFIEDFS
ASSGLAFYSSTGWYNRLFINFVLRRHVFFFVLQTYFPAILMVMLSWVSFWIDRRAVPARV
SLGITTVLTMSTIITAVSASMPQVSYLKAVDVYLWVSSLFVFLSVIEYAAVNYLTTVEER
KQFKKTGKISRMYNIDAVQAMAFDGCYHDSEIDMDQTSLSLNSEDFMRRKSICSPSTDSS
RIKRRKSLGGHVGRIILENNHVIDTYSRILFPIVYILFNLFYWGVYV
Target 19 Number of Residues 467
Target 19 Molecular Weight 54271.1
Target 19 Theoretical pI 8.26
Target 19 GO Classification
Function
neurotransmitter receptor activity
transporter activity
ion transporter activity
ion channel activity
ligand-gated ion channel activity
extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
signal transducer activity
receptor activity
transmembrane receptor activity
GABA receptor activity
GABA-A receptor activity
Process
physiological process
cellular physiological process
transport
ion transport
Component
postsynaptic membrane
cell
membrane
intrinsic to membrane
integral to membrane
Target 19 General Function Involved in chloride channel activity
Target 19 Pathways Not Available
Target 19 Reactions Not Available
Target 19 Signals
  • 1-23
Target 19 Transmembrane Regions
  • 267-287
  • 300-320
  • 332-352
  • 447-467
Target 19 Essentiality Non Essential
Target 19 Domain Function PF02931:Neur_chan_LBD PF02932:Neur_chan_memb
Target 19 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Target 19 UniProtKB ID A8MPY1 Link Image
Target 19 Cellular Location Cell junction, synapse, postsynaptic cell membrane
Target 19 Gene Sequence Not Available
Target 19 GenBank Gene ID Not Available
Target 19 GeneCard ID GABRR3 Link Image
Target 19 GenAtlas ID GABRR3 Link Image
Target 19 HGNC ID HGNC:17969 Link Image
Target 19 Chromosome Location Not Available
Target 19 Locus 3q11.2
Target 19 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Target 19 Toxin References
  • W824 - Selala MI, Daelemans F, Schepens PJ. Fungal tremorgens: the mechanism of action of single nitrogen containing toxins--a hypothesis. Drug Chem Toxicol. 1989 Sep-Dec;12(3-4):237-57. [PubMed Link Image]
Target 19 General References 16641997; 10542332
Target 20 [top]
Target 20 ID 196
Target 20 Name Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta
Target 20 Mechanism of Action Tremorgenic mycotoxins are thought to inhibit gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors, both pre- and postsynaptic, as well as inhibit transmitter breakdown at the GABA-T receptors. This would initially increase neurotransmitter levels, potentiating the GABA-induced chloride current, then lead to decreased levels of neurotransmitter in the synapse. (W824)
Target 20 Description GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel
Target 20 Synonyms
  1. GABA(A) receptor subunit theta
Target 20 Gene Name GABRQ
Target 20 Protein Sequence >Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta 
MGIRGMLRAAVILLLIRTWLAEGNYPSPIPKFHFEFSSAVPEVVLNLFNCKNCANEAVVQ
KILDRVLSRYDVRLRPNFGGAPVPVRISIYVTSIEQISEMNMDYTITMFFHQTWKDSRLA
YYETTLNLTLDYRMHEKLWVPDCYFLNSKDAFVHDVTVENRVFQLHPDGTVRYGIRLTTT
AACSLDLHKFPMDKQACNLVVESYGYTVEDIILFWDDNGNAIHMTEELHIPQFTFLGRTI
TSKEVYFYTGSYIRLILKFQVQREVNSYLVQVYWPTVLTTITSWISFWMNYDSSAARVTI
GLTSMLILTTIDSHLRDKLPNISCIKAIDIYILVCLFFVFLSLLEYVYINYLFYSRGPRR
QPRRHRRPRRVIARYRYQQVVVGNVQDGLINVEDGVSSLPITPAQAPLASPESLGSLTST
SEQAQLATSESLSPLTSLSGQAPLATGESLSDLPSTSEQARHSYGVRFNGFQADDSIFPT
EIRNRVEAHGHGVTHDHEDSNESLSSDERHGHGPSGKPMLHHGEKGVQEAGWDLDDNNDK
SDCLAIKEQFKCDTNSTWGLNDDELMAHGQEKDSSSESEDSCPPSPGCSFTEGFSFDLFN
PDYVPKVDKWSRFLFPLAFGLFNIVYWVYHMY
Target 20 Number of Residues 632
Target 20 Molecular Weight 72020.9
Target 20 Theoretical pI 5.76
Target 20 GO Classification
Function
neurotransmitter receptor activity
transporter activity
ion transporter activity
ion channel activity
ligand-gated ion channel activity
extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
signal transducer activity
receptor activity
transmembrane receptor activity
GABA receptor activity
GABA-A receptor activity
Process
physiological process
cellular physiological process
transport
ion transport
Component
postsynaptic membrane
cell
membrane
intrinsic to membrane
integral to membrane
Target 20 General Function Involved in chloride channel activity
Target 20 Pathways Not Available
Target 20 Reactions Not Available
Target 20 Signals
  • 1-21
Target 20 Transmembrane Regions
  • 269-289
  • 327-347
  • 612-632
Target 20 Essentiality Non Essential
Target 20 Domain Function PF02931:Neur_chan_LBD PF02932:Neur_chan_memb
Target 20 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Target 20 UniProtKB ID Q9UN88 Link Image
Target 20 Cellular Location Cell junction, synapse, postsynaptic cell membrane
Target 20 Gene Sequence >1899 bp 
ATGGGCATCCGAGGCATGCTGCGAGCCGCAGTGATCCTGCTGCTCATCAGGACCTGGCTC
GCGGAGGGCAACTACCCCAGTCCCATCCCGAAATTCCACTTCGAGTTCTCCTCTGCTGTG
CCCGAAGTCGTCCTGAACCTCTTCAACTGCAAAAATTGTGCAAATGAAGCTGTGGTTCAA
AAGATTTTGGACAGGGTGCTGTCAAGATACGATGTCCGCCTGAGACCGAATTTTGGAGGT
GCCCCTGTGCCTGTGAGAATATCTATTTATGTCACGAGCATTGAACAGATCTCAGAAATG
AATATGGACTACACGATCACGATGTTTTTTCATCAGACTTGGAAAGATTCACGCTTAGCA
TACTATGAGACCACCCTGAACTTGACCCTGGACTATCGGATGCATGAGAAGTTGTGGGTC
CCTGACTGCTACTTTCTGAACAGCAAGGATGCTTTCGTGCATGATGTGACTGTGGAGAAT
CGCGTGTTTCAGCTTCACCCAGATGGAACGGTGCGGTACGGCATCCGACTCACCACTACA
GCAGCTTGTTCCCTGGATCTGCATAAATTCCCTATGGACAAGCAGGCCTGCAACCTGGTG
GTAGAGAGCTATGGTTACACGGTTGAAGACATCATATTATTCTGGGATGACAATGGGAAC
GCCATCCACATGACTGAGGAGCTGCATATCCCTCAGTTCACTTTCCTGGGAAGGACGATT
ACTAGCAAGGAGGTGTATTTCTACACAGGTTCCTACATACGCCTGATACTGAAGTTCCAG
GTTCAGAGGGAAGTTAACAGCTACCTTGTGCAAGTCTACTGGCCTACTGTCCTCACCACT
ATTACCTCTTGGATATCGTTTTGGATGAACTATGATTCCTCTGCAGCCAGGGTGACAATT
GGCTTAACTTCAATGCTCATCCTGACCACCATCGACTCACATCTGCGGGATAAGCTCCCC
AACATTTCCTGTATCAAGGCCATTGATATCTATATCCTCGTGTGCTTGTTCTTTGTGTTC
CTGTCCTTGCTGGAGTATGTCTACATCAACTATCTTTTCTACAGTCGAGGACCTCGGCGC
CAGCCTAGGCGACACAGGAGACCCCGAAGAGTCATTGCCCGCTACCGCTACCAGCAAGTG
GTGGTAGGAAACGTGCAGGATGGCCTGATTAACGTGGAAGACGGAGTCAGCTCTCTCCCC
ATCACCCCAGCGCAGGCCCCCCTGGCAAGCCCGGAAAGCCTCGGTTCTTTGACGTCCACC
TCCGAGCAGGCCCAGCTGGCCACCTCGGAAAGCCTCAGCCCACTCACTTCTCTCTCAGGC
CAGGCCCCCCTGGCCACTGGAGAAAGCCTGAGCGATCTCCCCTCCACCTCAGAGCAGGCC
CGGCACAGCTATGGTGTTCGCTTTAATGGTTTCCAGGCTGATGACAGTATTATTCCTACC
GAAATCCGCAACCGTGTCGAAGCCCATGGCCATGGTGTTACCCATGACCATGAAGATTCC
AATGAGAGCTTGAGCTCGGATGAGCGCCATGGCCATGGCCCCAGTGGGAAGCCCATGCTT
CACCATGGCGAGAAGGGTGTGCAAGAAGCAGGCTGGGACCTTGATGACAACAATGACAAG
AGCGACTGCCTTGCCATTAAGGAGCAATTCAAGTGTGATACTAACAGTACCTGGGGCCTT
AATGATGATGAGCTCATGGCCCATGGCCAAGAGAAGGACAGTAGCTCAGAGTCTGAGGAT
AGTTGCCCCCCAAGCCCTGGGTGCTCCTTCACTGAAGGGTTCTCCTTCGATCTCTTTAAT
CCTGACTACGTCCCAAAGGTCGACAAGTGGTCCCGGTTCCTCTTCCCTCTGGCCTTTGGG
TTGTTCAACATTGTTTACTGGGTATACCATATGTATTAG
Target 20 GenBank Gene ID Not Available
Target 20 GeneCard ID GABRQ Link Image
Target 20 GenAtlas ID GABRQ Link Image
Target 20 HGNC ID HGNC:14454 Link Image
Target 20 Chromosome Location Not Available
Target 20 Locus Xq28
Target 20 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Target 20 Toxin References
  • W824 - Selala MI, Daelemans F, Schepens PJ. Fungal tremorgens: the mechanism of action of single nitrogen containing toxins--a hypothesis. Drug Chem Toxicol. 1989 Sep-Dec;12(3-4):237-57. [PubMed Link Image]
Target 20 General References 10804200; 15489334; 10449790
Target 21 [top]
Target 21 ID 1256
Target 21 Name Gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 1
Target 21 Mechanism of Action Tremorgenic mycotoxins are thought to inhibit gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors, both pre- and postsynaptic, as well as inhibit transmitter breakdown at the GABA-T receptors. This would initially increase neurotransmitter levels, potentiating the GABA-induced chloride current, then lead to decreased levels of neurotransmitter in the synapse. (W824)
Target 21 Description Isoform 1E function may be to regulate the availability of functional GABA-B-R1A/GABA-B-R2 heterodimers by competing for GABA-B-R2 dimerization. This could explain the observation that certain small molecule ligands exhibit differential affinity for central versus peripheral sites
Target 21 Synonyms
  1. GABA-B receptor 1; GABA-B-R1; Gb1
Target 21 Gene Name GABBR1
Target 21 Protein Sequence >Gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 1 
MLLLLLLAPLFLRPPGAGGAQTPNATSEGCQIIHPPWEGGIRYRGLTRDQVKAINFLPVD
YEIEYVCRGEREVVGPKVRKCLANGSWTDMDTPSRCVRICSKSYLTLENGKVFLTGGDLP
ALDGARVDFRCDPDFHLVGSSRSICSQGQWSTPKPHCQVNRTPHSERRAVYIGALFPMSG
GWPGGQACQPAVEMALEDVNSRRDILPDYELKLIHHDSKCDPGQATKYLYELLYNDPIKI
ILMPGCSSVSTLVAEAARMWNLIVLSYGSSSPALSNRQRFPTFFRTHPSATLHNPTRVKL
FEKWGWKKIATIQQTTEVFTSTLDDLEERVKEAGIEITFRQSFFSDPAVPVKNLKRQDAR
IIVGLFYETEARKVFCEVYKERLFGKKYVWFLIGWYADNWFKIYDPSINCTVDEMTEAVE
GHITTEIVMLNPANTRSISNMTSQEFVEKLTKRLKRHPEETGGFQEAPLAYDAIWALALA
LNKTSGGGGRSGVRLEDFNYNNQTITDQIYRAMNSSSFEGVSGHVVFDASGSRMAWTLIE
QLQGGSYKKIGYYDSTKDDLSWSKTDKWIGGSPPADQTLVIKTFRFLSQKLFISVSVLSS
LGIVLAVVCLSFNIYNSHVRYIQNSQPNLNNLTAVGCSLALAAVFPLGLDGYHIGRNQFP
FVCQARLWLLGLGFSLGYGSMFTKIWWVHTVFTKKEEKKEWRKTLEPWKLYATVGLLVGM
DVLTLAIWQIVDPLHRTIETFAKEEPKEDIDVSILPQLEHCSSRKMNTWLGIFYGYKGLL
LLLGIFLAYETKSVSTEKINDHRAVGMAIYNVAVLCLITAPVTMILSSQQDAAFAFASLA
IVFSSYITLVVLFVPKMRRLITRGEWQSEAQDTMKTGSSTNNNEEEKSRLLEKENRELEK
IIAEKEERVSELRHQLQSRQQLRSRRHPPTPPEPSGGLPRGPPEPPDRLSCDGSRVHLLY
K
Target 21 Number of Residues 961
Target 21 Molecular Weight 108319.4
Target 21 Theoretical pI 8.30
Target 21 GO Classification
Function
signal transducer activity
receptor activity
transmembrane receptor activity
G-protein coupled receptor activity
metabotropic glutamate, GABA-B-like receptor activity
GABA-B receptor activity
Process
Not Available
Component
cell
membrane
Target 21 General Function Involved in G-protein coupled receptor activity
Target 21 Pathways Not Available
Target 21 Reactions Not Available
Target 21 Signals
  • 1-14
Target 21 Transmembrane Regions
  • 592-612
  • 632-652
  • 668-688
  • 711-731
  • 769-789
  • 805-825
  • 834-854
Target 21 Essentiality Non Essential
Target 21 Domain Function PF00003:7tm_3 PF01094:ANF_receptor PF00084:Sushi
Target 21 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Target 21 UniProtKB ID Q9UBS5 Link Image
Target 21 Cellular Location Isoform 1E:Secreted (Probable)
Target 21 Gene Sequence >2886 bp 
ATGTTGCTGCTGCTGTTACTGGCGCCACTCTTCCTCCGCCCCCCGGGCGCGGGCGGGGCG
CAGACCCCCAACGCCACCTCAGAAGGTTGCCAGATCATACACCCGCCCTGGGAAGGGGGC
ATCAGGTACCGGGGCCTGACTCGGGACCAGGTGAAGGCTATCAACTTCCTGCCAGTGGAC
TATGAGATTGAGTATGTGTGCCGGGGGGAGCGCGAGGTGGTGGGGCCCAAGGTCCGCAAG
TGCCTGGCCAACGGCTCCTGGACAGATATGGACACACCCAGCCGCTGTGTCCGAATCTGC
TCCAAGTCTTATTTGACCCTGGAAAATGGGAAGGTTTTCCTGACGGGTGGGGACCTCCCA
GCTCTGGACGGAGCCCGGGTGGATTTCCGGTGTGACCCCGACTTCCATCTGGTGGGCAGC
TCCCGGAGCATCTGTAGTCAGGGCCAGTGGAGCACCCCCAAGCCCCACTGCCAGGTGAAT
CGAACGCCACACTCAGAACGGCGCGCAGTGTACATCGGGGCACTGTTTCCCATGAGCGGG
GGCTGGCCAGGGGGCCAGGCCTGCCAGCCCGCGGTGGAGATGGCGCTGGAGGACGTGAAT
AGCCGCAGGGACATCCTGCCGGACTATGAGCTCAAGCTCATCCACCACGACAGCAAGTGT
GATCCAGGCCAAGCCACCAAGTACCTATATGAGCTGCTCTACAACGACCCTATCAAGATC
ATCCTTATGCCTGGCTGCAGCTCTGTCTCCACGCTGGTGGCTGAGGCTGCTAGGATGTGG
AACCTCATTGTGCTTTCCTATGGCTCCAGCTCACCAGCCCTGTCAAACCGGCAGCGTTTC
CCCACTTTCTTCCGAACGCACCCATCAGCCACACTCCACAACCCTACCCGCGTGAAACTC
TTTGAAAAGTGGGGCTGGAAGAAGATTGCTACCATCCAGCAGACCACTGAGGTCTTCACT
TCGACTCTGGACGACCTGGAGGAACGAGTGAAGGAGGCTGGAATTGAGATTACTTTCCGC
CAGAGTTTCTTCTCAGATCCAGCTGTGCCCGTCAAAAACCTGAAGCGCCAGGATGCCCGA
ATCATCGTGGGACTTTTCTATGAGACTGAAGCCCGGAAAGTTTTTTGTGAGGTGTACAAG
GAGCGTCTCTTTGGGAAGAAGTACGTCTGGTTCCTCATTGGGTGGTATGCTGACAATTGG
TTCAAGATCTACGACCCTTCTATCAACTGCACAGTGGATGAGATGACTGAGGCGGTGGAG
GGCCACATCACAACTGAGATTGTCATGCTGAATCCTGCCAATACCCGCAGCATTTCCAAC
ATGACATCCCAGGAATTTGTGGAGAAACTAACCAAGCGACTGAAAAGACACCCTGAGGAG
ACAGGAGGCTTCCAGGAGGCACCGCTGGCCTATGATGCCATCTGGGCCTTGGCACTGGCC
CTGAACAAGACATCTGGAGGAGGCGGCCGTTCTGGTGTGCGCCTGGAGGACTTCAACTAC
AACAACCAGACCATTACCGACCAAATCTACCGGGCAATGAACTCTTCGTCCTTTGAGGGT
GTCTCTGGCCATGTGGTGTTTGATGCCAGCGGCTCTCGGATGGCATGGACGCTTATCGAG
CAGCTTCAGGGTGGCAGCTACAAGAAGATTGGCTACTATGACAGCACCAAGGATGATCTT
TCCTGGTCCAAAACAGATAAATGGATTGGAGGGTCCCCCCCAGCTGACCAGACCCTGGTC
ATCAAGACATTCCGCTTCCTGTCACAGAAACTCTTTATCTCCGTCTCAGTTCTCTCCAGC
CTGGGCATTGTCCTAGCTGTTGTCTGTCTGTCCTTTAACATCTACAACTCACATGTCCGT
TATATCCAGAACTCACAGCCCAACCTGAACAACCTGACTGCTGTGGGCTGCTCACTGGCT
TTAGCTGCTGTCTTCCCCCTGGGGCTCGATGGTTACCACATTGGGAGGAACCAGTTTCCT
TTCGTCTGCCAGGCCCGCCTCTGGCTCCTGGGCCTGGGCTTTAGTCTGGGCTACGGTTCC
ATGTTCACCAAGATTTGGTGGGTCCACACGGTCTTCACAAAGAAGGAAGAAAAGAAGGAG
TGGAGGAAGACTCTGGAACCCTGGAAGCTGTATGCCACAGTGGGCCTGCTGGTGGGCATG
GATGTCCTCACTCTCGCCATCTGGCAGATCGTGGACCCTCTGCACCGGACCATTGAGACA
TTTGCCAAGGAGGAACCTAAGGAAGATATTGACGTCTCTATTCTGCCCCAGCTGGAGCAT
TGCAGCTCCAGGAAGATGAATACATGGCTTGGCATTTTCTATGGTTACAAGGGGCTGCTG
CTGCTGCTGGGAATCTTCCTTGCTTATGAGACCAAGAGTGTGTCCACTGAGAAGATCAAT
GATCACCGGGCTGTGGGCATGGCTATCTACAATGTGGCAGTCCTGTGCCTCATCACTGCT
CCTGTCACCATGATTCTGTCCAGCCAGCAGGATGCAGCCTTTGCCTTTGCCTCTCTTGCC
ATAGTTTTCTCCTCCTATATCACTCTTGTTGTGCTCTTTGTGCCCAAGATGCGCAGGCTG
ATCACCCGAGGGGAATGGCAGTCGGAGGCGCAGGACACCATGAAGACAGGGTCATCGACC
AACAACAACGAGGAGGAGAAGTCCCGGCTGTTGGAGAAGGAGAACCGTGAACTGGAAAAG
ATCATTGCTGAGAAAGAGGAGCGTGTCTCTGAACTGCGCCATCAACTCCAGTCTCGGCAG
CAGCTCCGCTCCCGGCGCCACCCACCGACACCCCCAGAACCCTCTGGGGGCCTGCCCAGG
GGACCCCCTGAGCCCCCCGACCGGCTTAGCTGTGATGGGAGTCGAGTGCATTTGCTTTAT
AAGTGA
Target 21 GenBank Gene ID Not Available
Target 21 GeneCard ID GABBR1 Link Image
Target 21 GenAtlas ID GABBR1 Link Image
Target 21 HGNC ID HGNC:4070 Link Image
Target 21 Chromosome Location Not Available
Target 21 Locus 6p21.31
Target 21 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Target 21 Toxin References
  • W824 - Selala MI, Daelemans F, Schepens PJ. Fungal tremorgens: the mechanism of action of single nitrogen containing toxins--a hypothesis. Drug Chem Toxicol. 1989 Sep-Dec;12(3-4):237-57. [PubMed Link Image]
Target 21 General References 9844003; 9872316; 9753614; 9798068; 9933300; 9889352; 10906333; 14574404
Target 22 [top]
Target 22 ID 1331
Target 22 Name Gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 2
Target 22 Mechanism of Action Tremorgenic mycotoxins are thought to inhibit gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors, both pre- and postsynaptic, as well as inhibit transmitter breakdown at the GABA-T receptors. This would initially increase neurotransmitter levels, potentiating the GABA-induced chloride current, then lead to decreased levels of neurotransmitter in the synapse. (W824)
Target 22 Description Receptor for GABA. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G-proteins that inhibit adenylyl cyclase activity, stimulates phospholipase A2, activates potassium channels, inactivates voltage-dependent calcium-channels and modulates inositol phospholipids hydrolysis. Plays a critical role in the fine-tuning of inhibitory synaptic transmission. Pre-synaptic GABA-B-R inhibit neurotransmitter release by down-regulating high- voltage activated calcium channels, whereas postsynaptic GABA-B-R decrease neuronal excitability by activating a prominent inwardly rectifying potassium (Kir) conductance that underlies the late inhibitory postsynaptic potentials. Not only implicated in synaptic inhibition but also in hippocampal long-term potentiation, slow wave sleep, muscle relaxation and antinociception
Target 22 Synonyms
  1. GABA-B receptor 2; GABA-B-R2; GABABR2; Gb2; G-protein coupled receptor 51; HG20
Target 22 Gene Name GABBR2
Target 22 Protein Sequence >Gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 2 
MASPRSSGQPGPPPPPPPPPARLLLLLLLPLLLPLAPGAWGWARGAPRPPPSSPPLSIMG
LMPLTKEVAKGSIGRGVLPAVELAIEQIRNESLLRPYFLDLRLYDTECDNAKGLKAFYDA
IKYGPNHLMVFGGVCPSVTSIIAESLQGWNLVQLSFAATTPVLADKKKYPYFFRTVPSDN
AVNPAILKLLKHYQWKRVGTLTQDVQRFSEVRNDLTGVLYGEDIEISDTESFSNDPCTSV
KKLKGNDVRIILGQFDQNMAAKVFCCAYEENMYGSKYQWIIPGWYEPSWWEQVHTEANSS
RCLRKNLLAAMEGYIGVDFEPLSSKQIKTISGKTPQQYEREYNNKRSGVGPSKFHGYAYD
GIWVIAKTLQRAMETLHASSRHQRIQDFNYTDHTLGRIILNAMNETNFFGVTGQVVFRNG
ERMGTIKFTQFQDSREVKVGEYNAVADTLEIINDTIRFQGSEPPKDKTIILEQLRKISLP
LYSILSALTILGMIMASAFLFFNIKNRNQKLIKMSSPYMNNLIILGGMLSYASIFLFGLD
GSFVSEKTFETLCTVRTWILTVGYTTAFGAMFAKTWRVHAIFKNVKMKKKIIKDQKLLVI
VGGMLLIDLCILICWQAVDPLRRTVEKYSMEPDPAGRDISIRPLLEHCENTHMTIWLGIV
YAYKGLLMLFGCFLAWETRNVSIPALNDSKYIGMSVYNVGIMCIIGAAVSFLTRDQPNVQ
FCIVALVIIFCSTITLCLVFVPKLITLRTNPDAATQNRRFQFTQNQKKEDSKTSTSVTSV
NQASTSRLEGLQSENHRLRMKITELDKDLEEVTMQLQDTPEKTTYIKQNHYQELNDILNL
GNFTESTDGGKAILKNHLDQNPQLQWNTTEPSRTCKDPIEDINSPEHIQRRLSLQLPILH
HAYLPSIGGVDASCVSPCVSPTASPRHRHVPPSFRVMVSGL
Target 22 Number of Residues 941
Target 22 Molecular Weight 105820.5
Target 22 Theoretical pI 8.83
Target 22 GO Classification
Function
GABA-B receptor activity
signal transducer activity
receptor activity
transmembrane receptor activity
G-protein coupled receptor activity
metabotropic glutamate, GABA-B-like receptor activity
Process
Not Available
Component
cell
membrane
Target 22 General Function Involved in G-protein coupled receptor activity
Target 22 Pathways Not Available
Target 22 Reactions Not Available
Target 22 Signals
  • 1-41
Target 22 Transmembrane Regions
  • 484-504
  • 523-543
  • 552-572
  • 598-618
  • 655-675
  • 692-712
  • 721-741
Target 22 Essentiality Non Essential
Target 22 Domain Function PF00003:7tm_3 PF01094:ANF_receptor
Target 22 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Target 22 UniProtKB ID O75899 Link Image
Target 22 Cellular Location Cell membrane
Target 22 Gene Sequence Not Available
Target 22 GenBank Gene ID Not Available
Target 22 GeneCard ID GABBR2 Link Image
Target 22 GenAtlas ID GABBR2 Link Image
Target 22 HGNC ID HGNC:4507 Link Image
Target 22 Chromosome Location Not Available
Target 22 Locus 9q22.1-q22.3
Target 22 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Target 22 Toxin References
  • W824 - Selala MI, Daelemans F, Schepens PJ. Fungal tremorgens: the mechanism of action of single nitrogen containing toxins--a hypothesis. Drug Chem Toxicol. 1989 Sep-Dec;12(3-4):237-57. [PubMed Link Image]
Target 22 General References 9872316; 10087195; 10328880; 10727622; 15164053; 15489334; 10075644; 10773016
Target 23 [top]
Target 23 ID 598
Target 23 Name Calcium-activated potassium channel subunit alpha-1
Target 23 Mechanism of Action Verruculogen inhibits presynaptic high-conductance Ca+2 activated maxi-K+ channels in the smooth muscle. (W845)
Target 23 Description Potassium channel activated by both membrane depolarization or increase in cytosolic Ca(2+) that mediates export of K(+). It is also activated by the concentration of cytosolic Mg(2+). Its activation dampens the excitatory events that elevate the cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration and/or depolarize the cell membrane. It therefore contributes to repolarization of the membrane potential. Plays a key role in controlling excitability in a number of systems, such as regulation of the contraction of smooth muscle, the tuning of hair cells in the cochlea, regulation of transmitter release, and innate immunity. In smooth muscles, its activation by high level of Ca(2+), caused by ryanodine receptors in the sarcoplasmic reticulum, regulates the membrane potential. In cochlea cells, its number and kinetic properties partly determine the characteristic frequency of each hair cell and thereby helps to establish a tonotopic map. Kinetics of KCNMA1 channels are determined by alternative splicing, phosphorylation status and its combination with modulating beta subunits. Highly sensitive to both iberiotoxin (IbTx) and charybdotoxin (CTX)
Target 23 Synonyms
  1. Calcium-activated potassium channel, subfamily M subunit alpha-1; Maxi K channel; MaxiK; BK channel; K(VCA)alpha; BKCA alpha; KCa1.1; Slowpoke homolog; Slo homolog; Slo-alpha; Slo1; hSlo
Target 23 Gene Name KCNMA1
Target 23 Protein Sequence >Calcium-activated potassium channel subunit alpha-1 
MANGGGGGGGSSGGGGGGGGSSLRMSSNIHANHLSLDASSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
VHEPKMDALIIPVTMEVPCDSRGQRMWWAFLASSMVTFFGGLFIILLWRTLKYLWTVCCH
CGGKTKEAQKINNGSSQADGTLKPVDEKEEAVAAEVGWMTSVKDWAGVMISAQTLTGRVL
VVLVFALSIGALVIYFIDSSNPIESCQNFYKDFTLQIDMAFNVFFLLYFGLRFIAANDKL
WFWLEVNSVVDFFTVPPVFVSVYLNRSWLGLRFLRALRLIQFSEILQFLNILKTSNSIKL
VNLLSIFISTWLTAAGFIHLVENSGDPWENFQNNQALTYWECVYLLMVTMSTVGYGDVYA
KTTLGRLFMVFFILGGLAMFASYVPEIIELIGNRKKYGGSYSAVSGRKHIVVCGHITLES
VSNFLKDFLHKDRDDVNVEIVFLHNISPNLELEALFKRHFTQVEFYQGSVLNPHDLARVK
IESADACLILANKYCADPDAEDASNIMRVISIKNYHPKIRIITQMLQYHNKAHLLNIPSW
NWKEGDDAICLAELKLGFIAQSCLAQGLSTMLANLFSMRSFIKIEEDTWQKYYLEGVSNE
MYTEYLSSAFVGLSFPTVCELCFVKLKLLMIAIEYKSANRESRILINPGNHLKIQEGTLG
FFIASDAKEVKRAFFYCKACHDDITDPKRIKKCGCKRPKMSIYKRMRRACCFDCGRSERD
CSCMSGRVRGNVDTLERAFPLSSVSVNDCSTSFRAFEDEQPSTLSPKKKQRNGGMRNSPN
TSPKLMRHDPLLIPGNDQIDNMDSNVKKYDSTGMFHWCAPKEIEKVILTRSEAAMTVLSG
HVVVCIFGDVSSALIGLRNLVMPLRASNFHYHELKHIVFVGSIEYLKREWETLHNFPKVS
ILPGTPLSRADLRAVNINLCDMCVILSANQNNIDDTSLQDKECILASLNIKSMQFDDSIG
VLQANSQGFTPPGMDRSSPDNSPVHGMLRQPSITTGVNIPIITELVNDTNVQFLDQDDDD
DPDTELYLTQPFACGTAFAVSVLDSLMSATYFNDNILTLIRTLVTGGATPELEALIAEEN
ALRGGYSTPQTLANRDRCRVAQLALLDGPFADLGDGGCYGDLFCKALKTYNMLCFGIYRL
RDAHLSTPSQCTKRYVITNPPYEFELVPTDLIFCLMQFDHNAGQSRASLSHSSHSSQSSS
KKSSSVHSIPSTANRQNRPKSRESRDKQKYVQEERL
Target 23 Number of Residues 1236
Target 23 Molecular Weight 137558.1
Target 23 Theoretical pI 7.07
Target 23 GO Classification
Function
cation channel activity
potassium channel activity
calcium-activated potassium channel activity
voltage-gated ion channel activity
voltage-gated potassium channel activity
transporter activity
ion transporter activity
ion channel activity
Process
cation transport
monovalent inorganic cation transport
potassium ion transport
physiological process
cellular physiological process
transport
ion transport
Component
protein complex
voltage-gated potassium channel complex
cell
membrane
Target 23 General Function Inorganic ion transport and metabolism
Target 23 Pathways Not Available
Target 23 Reactions Not Available
Target 23 Signals
  • None
Target 23 Transmembrane Regions
  • 87-107
  • 179-199
  • 215-235
  • 240-260
  • 265-285
  • 301-321
  • 368-388
Target 23 Essentiality Non Essential
Target 23 Domain Function PF03493:BK_channel_a PF00520:Ion_trans
Target 23 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Target 23 UniProtKB ID Q12791 Link Image
Target 23 Cellular Location Membrane
Target 23 Gene Sequence >3537 bp 
ATGGCAAATGGTGGCGGCGGCGGCGGCGGCAGCAGCGGCGGCGGCGGCGGCGGCGGAGGC
AGCAGTCTTAGAATGAGTAGCAATATCCACGCGAACCATCTCAGCCTAGACGTGTCCTCC
TCCTCCTCCTCCTCCTCTTCCTCTTCTTCTTCTTCCTCCTCCTCTTCCTCCTCGTCCTCG
GTCCACGAGCCCAAGATGGATGCGCTCATCATCCCGGTGACCATGGAGGTGCCGTGCGAC
AGCCGGGGCCAACGCATGTGGTGGGCTTTCCTGGCCTCCTCCATGGTGACTTTCTTCGGG
GGCCTCTTCATCATCTTGCTCTGGCGGACGCTCAAGTACCTGTGGACCGTGTGCTGCCAC
TGCGGGGGCAAGACGAAGGAGGCCCAGAAGATTAACAATGGCTCAAGCCAGGCGGATGGC
ACTCTCAAACCAGTGGATGAAAAAGAGGAGGCAGTGGCCGCCGAGGTCGGCTGGATGACC
TCCGTGAAGGACTGGGCGGGGGTGATGATATCCGCCCAGACACTGACTGGCAGAGTCCTG
GTTGTCTTAGTCTTTGCTCTCAGCATCGGTGCACTTGTAATATACTTCATAGATTCATCA
AACCCAATAGAATCCTGCCAGAATTTCTACAAAGATTTCACATTACAGATCGACATGGCT
TTCAACGTGTTCTTCCTTCTCTACTTCGGCTTGCGGTTTATTGCAGCCAACGATAAATTG
TGGTTCTGGCTGGAAGTGAACTCTGTAGTGGATTTCTTCACGGTGCCCCCCGTGTTTGTG
TCTGTGTACTTAAACAGAAGTTGGCTTGGTTTGAGATTTTTAAGAGCTCTGAGACTGATA
CAGTTTTCAGAAATTTTGCAGTTTCTGAATATTCTTAAAACAAGTAATTCCATCAAGCTG
GTGAATCTGCTCTCCATATTTATCAGCACGTGGCTGACTGCAGCCGGGTTCATCCATTTG
GTGGAGAATTCAGGGGACCCATGGGAAAATTTCCAAAACAACCAGGCTCTCACCTACTGG
GAATGTGTCTATTTACTCATGGTCACAATGTCCACCGTTGGTTATGGGGATGTTTATGCA
AAAACCACACTTGGGCGCCTCTTCATGGTCTTCTTCATCCTCGGGGGACTGGCCATGTTT
GCCAGCTACGTCCCTGAAATCATAGAGTTAATAGGAAACCGCAAGAAATACGGGGGCTCC
TATAGTGCGGTTAGTGGAAGAAAGCACATTGTGGTCTGCGGACACATCACTCTGGAGAGT
GTTTCCAACTTCCTGAAGGACTTTCTGCACAAGGACCGGGATGACGTCAATGTGGAGATC
GTTTTTCTTCACAACATCTCCCCCAACCTGGAGCTTGAAGCTCTGTTCAAACGACATTTT
ACTCAGGTGGAATTTTATCAGGGTTCCGTCCTCAATCCACATGATCTTGCAAGAGTCAAG
ATAGAGTCAGCAGATGCATGCCTGATCCTTGCCAACAAGTACTGCGCTGACCCGGATGCG
GAGGATGCCTCGAATATCATGAGAGTAATCTCCATAAAGAACTACCATCCGAAGATAAGA
ATCATCACTCAAATGCTGCAGTATCACAACAAGGCCCATCTGCTAAACATCCCGAGCTGG
AATTGGAAAGAAGGTGATGACGCAATCTGCCTCGCAGAGTTGAAGTTGGGCTTCATAGCC
CAGAGCTGCCTGGCTCAAGGCCTCTCCACCATGCTTGCCAACCTCTTCTCCATGAGGTCA
TTCATAAAGATTGAGGAAGACACATGGCAGAAATACTACTTGGAAGGAGTCTCAAATGAA
ATGTACACAGAATATCTCTCCAGTGCCTTCGTGGGTCTGTCCTTCCCTACTGTTTGTGAG
CTGTGTTTTGTGAAGCTCAAGCTCCTAATGATAGCCATTGAGTACAAGTCTGCCAACCGA
GAGAGCCGTATATTAATTAATCCTGGAAACCATCTTAAGATCCAAGAAGGTACTTTAGGA
TTTTTCATCGCAAGTGATGCCAAAGAAGTTAAAAGGGCATTTTTTTACTGCAAGGCCTGT
CATGATGACATCACAGATCCCAAAAGAATAAAAAAATGTGGCTGCAAACGGCTTGAAGAT
GAGCAGCCGTCAACACTATCACCAAAAAAAAAGCAACGGAATGGAGGCATGCGGAACTCA
CCCAACACCTCGCCTAAGCTGATGAGGCATGACCCCTTGTTAATTCCTGGCAATGATCAG
ATTGACAACATGGACTCCAATGTGAAGAAGTACGACTCTACTGGGATGTTTCACTGGTGT
GCACCCAAGGAGATAGAGAAAGTCATCCTGACTCGAAGTGAAGCTGCCATGACCGTCCTG
AGTGGCCATGTCGTGGTCTGCATCTTTGGCGACGTCAGCTCAGCCCTGATCGGCCTCCGG
AACCTGGTGATGCCGCTCCGTGCCAGCAACTTTCATTACCATGAGCTCAAGCACATTGTG
TTTGTGGGCTCTATTGAGTACCTCAAGCGGGAATGGGAGACGCTTCATAACTTCCCCAAA
GTGTCCATATTGCCTGGTACGCCATTAAGTCGGGCTGATTTAAGGGCTGTCAACATCAAC
CTCTGTGACATGTGCGTTATCCTGTCAGCCAATCAGAATAATATTGATGATACTTCGCTG
CAGGACAAGGAATGCATCTTGGCGTCACTCAACATCAAATCTATGCAGTTTGATGACAGC
ATCGGAGTCTTGCAGGCTAATTCCCAAGGGTTCACACCTCCAGGAATGGATAGATCCTCT
CCAGATAACAGCCCAGTGCACGGGATGTTACGTCAACCATCCATCACAACTGGGGTCAAC
ATCCCCATCATCACTGAACTAGTGAACGATACTAATGTTCAGTTTTTGGACCAAGACGAT
GATGATGACCCTGATACAGAACTGTACCTCACGCAGCCCTTTGCCTGTGGGACAGCATTT
GCCGTCAGTGTCCTGGACTCACTCATGAGCGCGACGTACTTCAATGACAATATCCTCACC
CTGATACGGACCCTGGTGACCGGAGGAGCCACGCCGGAGCTGGAGGCTCTGATTGCTGAG
GAAAACGCCCTTAGAGGTGGCTACAGCACCCCGCAGACACTGGCCAATAGGGACCGCTGC
CGCGTGGCCCAGTTAGCTCTGCTCGATGGGCCATTTGCGGACTTAGGGGATGGTGGTTGT
TATGGTGATCTGTTCTGCAAAGCTCTGAAAACATATAATATGCTTTGTTTTGGAATTTAC
CGGCTGAGAGATGCTCACCTCAGCACCCCCAGTCAGTGCACAAAGAGGTATGTCATCACC
AACCCGCCCTATGAGTTTGAGCTCGTGCCGACGGACCTGATCTTCTGCTTAATGCAGTTT
GACCACAATGCCGGCCAGTCCCGGGCCAGCCTGTCCCATTCCTCCCACTCGTCGCAGTCC
TCCAGCAAGAAGAGCTCCTCTGTTCACTCCATCCCATCCACAGCAAACCGACAGAACCGG
CCCAAGTCCAGGGAGTCCCGGGACAAACAGAAGTACGTGCAGGAAGAGCGGCTTTGA
Target 23 GenBank Gene ID Not Available
Target 23 GeneCard ID KCNMA1 Link Image
Target 23 GenAtlas ID KCNMA1 Link Image
Target 23 HGNC ID HGNC:6284 Link Image
Target 23 Chromosome Location Chromosome:10
Target 23 Locus 10q22.3
Target 23 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Target 23 Toxin References
  • W845 - Knaus HG, McManus OB, Lee SH, Schmalhofer WA, Garcia-Calvo M, Helms LM, Sanchez M, Giangiacomo K, Reuben JP, Smith AB 3rd, et al. Tremorgenic indole alkaloids potently inhibit smooth muscle high-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels. Biochemistry. 1994 May 17;33(19):5819-28. [PubMed Link Image]
Target 23 General References 7877450; 7573516; 15164054; 15489334; 7993625; 12434576; 7987297
Target 24 [top]
Target 24 ID 813
Target 24 Name Calcium-activated potassium channel subunit beta-1
Target 24 Mechanism of Action Verruculogen inhibits presynaptic high-conductance Ca+2 activated maxi-K+ channels in the smooth muscle. (W845)
Target 24 Description Regulatory subunit of the calcium activated potassium KCNMA1 (maxiK) channel. Modulates the calcium sensitivity and gating kinetics of KCNMA1, thereby contributing to KCNMA1 channel diversity. Increases the apparent Ca(2+)/voltage sensitivity of the KCNMA1 channel. It also modifies KCNMA1 channel kinetics and alters its pharmacological properties. It slows down the activation and the deactivation kinetics of the channel. Acts as a negative regulator of smooth muscle contraction by enhancing the calcium sensitivity to KCNMA1. Its presence is also a requirement for internal binding of the KCNMA1 channel opener dehydrosoyasaponin I (DHS-1) triterpene glycoside and for external binding of the agonist hormone 17-beta-estradiol (E2). Increases the binding activity of charybdotoxin (CTX) toxin to KCNMA1 peptide blocker by increasing the CTX association rate and decreasing the dissociation rate
Target 24 Synonyms
  1. Calcium-activated potassium channel, subfamily M subunit beta-1; Calcium-activated potassium channel subunit beta; Maxi K channel subunit beta-1; BK channel subunit beta-1; BKbeta1; BKbeta; Hbeta1; K(VCA)beta-1; Slo-beta-1; Slo-beta; Charybdotoxin receptor subunit beta-1
Target 24 Gene Name KCNMB1
Target 24 Protein Sequence >Calcium-activated potassium channel subunit beta-1 
MVKKLVMAQKRGETRALCLGVTMVVCAVITYYILVTTVLPLYQKSVWTQESKCHLIETNI
RDQEELEGKKVPQYPCLWVNVSAAGRWAVLYHTEDTRDQNQQCSYIPGSVDNYQTARADV
EKVRAKFQEQQVFYCFSAPRGNETSVLFQRLYGPQALLFSLFWPTFLLTGGLLIIAMVKS
NQYLSILAAQK
Target 24 Number of Residues 191
Target 24 Molecular Weight 21798.2
Target 24 Theoretical pI 8.76
Target 24 GO Classification
Function
transporter activity
ion transporter activity
ion channel activity
cation channel activity
potassium channel activity
calcium-activated potassium channel activity
Process
physiological process
cellular physiological process
transport
ion transport
cation transport
monovalent inorganic cation transport
potassium ion transport
Component
cell
membrane
Target 24 General Function Involved in calcium-activated potassium channel activity
Target 24 Pathways Not Available
Target 24 Reactions Not Available
Target 24 Signals
  • None
Target 24 Transmembrane Regions
  • 19-39
  • 158-178
Target 24 Essentiality Non Essential
Target 24 Domain Function PF03185:CaKB
Target 24 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Target 24 UniProtKB ID Q16558 Link Image
Target 24 Cellular Location Membrane
Target 24 Gene Sequence >576 bp 
ATGGTGAAGAAGCTGGTGATGGCCCAGAAGCGGGGAGAGACACGAGCCCTTTGCCTGGGT
GTAACCATGGTGGTGTGTGCCGTCATCACCTACTACATCCTGGTCACGACTGTGCTGCCC
CTCTACCAGAAAAGCGTGTGGACCCAGGAATCCAAGTGCCACCTGATTGAGACCAACATC
AGGGACCAGGAGGAGCTGAAGGGCAAGAAGGTGCCCCAGTACCCATGCCTGTGGGTCAAC
GTGTCAGCTGCCGGCAGGTGGGCTGTGCTGTACCACACGGAGGACACTCGGGACCAGAAC
CAGCAGTGCTCCTACATCCCAGGCAGCGTGGACAATTACCAGACGGCCCGGGCCGACGTG
GAGAAGGTCAGAGCCAAATTCCAAGAGCAGCAGGTCTTCTACTGCTTCTCCGCACCTCGG
GGGAACGAAACCAGCGTCCTATTCCAGCGCCTCTACGGGCCCCAGGCCCTCCTCTTCTCC
CTCTTCTGGCCCACCTTCCTGCTGACCGGTGGCCTCCTCATTATCGCCATGGTGAAGAGC
AACCAGTACCTGTCCATCCTGGCGGCCCAGAAGTAG
Target 24 GenBank Gene ID Not Available
Target 24 GeneCard ID KCNMB1 Link Image
Target 24 GenAtlas ID KCNMB1 Link Image
Target 24 HGNC ID HGNC:6285 Link Image
Target 24 Chromosome Location Not Available
Target 24 Locus Not Available
Target 24 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Target 24 Toxin References
  • W845 - Knaus HG, McManus OB, Lee SH, Schmalhofer WA, Garcia-Calvo M, Helms LM, Sanchez M, Giangiacomo K, Reuben JP, Smith AB 3rd, et al. Tremorgenic indole alkaloids potently inhibit smooth muscle high-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels. Biochemistry. 1994 May 17;33(19):5819-28. [PubMed Link Image]
Target 24 General References 8612769; 8764643; 8799178; 12434576; 14702039; 15489334
Target 25 [top]
Target 25 ID 814
Target 25 Name Calcium-activated potassium channel subunit beta-2
Target 25 Mechanism of Action Verruculogen inhibits presynaptic high-conductance Ca+2 activated maxi-K+ channels in the smooth muscle. (W845)
Target 25 Description Regulatory subunit of the calcium activated potassium KCNMA1 (maxiK) channel. Modulates the calcium sensitivity and gating kinetics of KCNMA1, thereby contributing to KCNMA1 channel diversity. Acts as a negative regulator that confers rapid and complete inactivation of KCNMA1 channel complex. May participate in KCNMA1 inactivation in chromaffin cells of the adrenal gland or in hippocampal CA1 neurons
Target 25 Synonyms
  1. Calcium-activated potassium channel, subfamily M subunit beta-2; Maxi K channel subunit beta-2; BK channel subunit beta-2; BKbeta2; Hbeta2; Hbeta3; K(VCA)beta-2; Slo-beta-2; Charybdotoxin receptor subunit beta-2
Target 25 Gene Name KCNMB2
Target 25 Protein Sequence >Calcium-activated potassium channel subunit beta-2 
MFIWTSGRTSSSYRHDEKRNIYQKIRDHDLLDKRKTVTALKAGEDRAILLGLAMMVCSIM
MYFLLGITLLRSYMQSVWTEESQCTLLNASITETFNCSFSCGPDCWKLSQYPCLQVYVNL
TSSGEKLLLYHTEETIKINQKCSYIPKCGKNFEESMSLVNVVMENFRKYQHFSCYSDPEG
NQKSVILTKLYSSNVLFHSLFWPTCMMAGGVAIVAMVKLTQYLSLLCERIQRINR
Target 25 Number of Residues 235
Target 25 Molecular Weight 27129.4
Target 25 Theoretical pI 8.47
Target 25 GO Classification
Function
transporter activity
ion transporter activity
ion channel activity
cation channel activity
potassium channel activity
calcium-activated potassium channel activity
Process
physiological process
cellular physiological process
transport
ion transport
cation transport
monovalent inorganic cation transport
potassium ion transport
Component
cell
membrane
Target 25 General Function Involved in calcium-activated potassium channel activity
Target 25 Pathways Not Available
Target 25 Reactions Not Available
Target 25 Signals
  • None
Target 25 Transmembrane Regions
  • 47-67
  • 195-215
Target 25 Essentiality Non Essential
Target 25 Domain Function PF03185:CaKB PF09303:KcnmB2_inactiv
Target 25 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Target 25 UniProtKB ID Q9Y691 Link Image
Target 25 Cellular Location Membrane
Target 25 Gene Sequence >708 bp 
ATGTTTATATGGACCAGTGGCCGGACCTCTTCATCTTATAGACATGATGAAAAAAGAAAT
ATTTACCAGAAAATCAGGGACCATGACCTCCTGGACAAAAGGAAAACAGTCACAGCACTG
AAGGCAGGAGAGGACCGAGCTATTCTCCTGGGACTGGCTATGATGGTGTGCTCCATCATG
ATGTATTTTCTGCTGGGAATCACACTCCTGCGCTCATACATGCAGAGCGTGTGGACCGAA
GAGTCTCAATGCACCTTGCTGAATGCGTCCATCACGGAAACATTTAACTGCTCCTTCAGC
TGTGGTCCAGACTGCTGGAAACTTTCTCAGTACCCCTGCCTCCAGGTGTACGTTAACCTG
ACTTCTTCCGGGGAAAAGCTCCTCCTCTACCACACAGAAGAGACAATAAAAATCAATCAG
AAGTGCTCCTATATACCTAAATGTGGAAAAAATTTTGAAGAATCCATGTCCCTGGTGAAT
GTTGTCATGGAAAACTTCAGGAAGTATCAACACTTCTCCTGCTATTCTGACCCAGAAGGA
AACCAGAAGAGTGTTATCCTAACCAAACTCTACAGTTCCAACGTGCTGTTCCATTCACTC
TTCTGGCCAACCTGTATGATGGCTGGGGGTGTGGCAATTGTTGCCATGGTGAAACTTACA
CAGTACCTCTCCCTACTATGTGAGAGGATCCAACGGATCAATAGATAA
Target 25 GenBank Gene ID Not Available
Target 25 GeneCard ID KCNMB2 Link Image
Target 25 GenAtlas ID KCNMB2 Link Image
Target 25 HGNC ID HGNC:6286 Link Image
Target 25 Chromosome Location Not Available
Target 25 Locus 3q26.2-q27.1
Target 25 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Target 25 Toxin References
  • W845 - Knaus HG, McManus OB, Lee SH, Schmalhofer WA, Garcia-Calvo M, Helms LM, Sanchez M, Giangiacomo K, Reuben JP, Smith AB 3rd, et al. Tremorgenic indole alkaloids potently inhibit smooth muscle high-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels. Biochemistry. 1994 May 17;33(19):5819-28. [PubMed Link Image]
Target 25 General References 10097176; 10692449; 15489334; 10377337; 10792058; 12566540; 12136044; 11517232
Target 26 [top]
Target 26 ID 815
Target 26 Name Calcium-activated potassium channel subunit beta-3
Target 26 Mechanism of Action Verruculogen inhibits presynaptic high-conductance Ca+2 activated maxi-K+ channels in the smooth muscle. (W845)
Target 26 Description Regulatory subunit of the calcium activated potassium KCNMA1 (maxiK) channel. Modulates the calcium sensitivity and gating kinetics of KCNMA1, thereby contributing to KCNMA1 channel diversity. Alters the functional properties of the current expressed by the KCNMA1 channel. Isoform 2, isoform 3 and isoform 4 partially inactivate the current of KCNBMA. Isoform 4 induces a fast and incomplete inactivation of KCNMA1 channel that is detectable only at large depolarizations. In contrast, isoform 1 does not induce detectable inactivation of KCNMA1. Two or more subunits of KCNMB3 are required to block the KCNMA1 tetramer
Target 26 Synonyms
  1. Calcium-activated potassium channel, subfamily M subunit beta-3; Maxi K channel subunit beta-3; BK channel subunit beta-3; BKbeta3; Hbeta3; K(VCA)beta-3; Slo-beta-3; Charybdotoxin receptor subunit beta-3
Target 26 Gene Name KCNMB3
Target 26 Protein Sequence >Calcium-activated potassium channel subunit beta-3 
MDFSPSSELGFHFVAFILLTRHRTAFPASGKKRETDYSDGDPLDVHKRLPSSAGEDRAVM
LGFAMMGFSVLMFFLLGTTILKPFMLSIQREESTCTAIHTDIMDDWLDCAFTCGVHCHGQ
GKYPCLQVFVNLSHPGQKALLHYNEEAVQINPKCFYTPKCHQDRNDLLNSALDIKEFFDH
KNGTPFSCFYSPASQSEDVILIKKYDQMAIFHCLFWPSLTLLGGALIVGMVRLTQHLSLL
CEKYSTVVRDEVGGKVPYIEQHQFKLCIMRRSKGRAEKS
Target 26 Number of Residues 279
Target 26 Molecular Weight 31603.3
Target 26 Theoretical pI 7.31
Target 26 GO Classification
Function
transporter activity
ion transporter activity
ion channel activity
cation channel activity
potassium channel activity
calcium-activated potassium channel activity
Process
physiological process
cellular physiological process
transport
ion transport
cation transport
monovalent inorganic cation transport
potassium ion transport
Component
cell
membrane
Target 26 General Function Involved in calcium-activated potassium channel activity
Target 26 Pathways Not Available
Target 26 Reactions Not Available
Target 26 Signals
  • None
Target 26 Transmembrane Regions
  • 61-81
  • 208-228
Target 26 Essentiality Non Essential
Target 26 Domain Function PF03185:CaKB
Target 26 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Target 26 UniProtKB ID Q9NPA1 Link Image
Target 26 Cellular Location Membrane
Target 26 Gene Sequence >828 bp 
ATGTTCCCCCTTCTTTATGAGCTCACTGCAGTATCTCCTTCTCCCTTTCCCCAAAGGACA
GCCTTTCCTGCCTCAGGGAAGAAGAGAGAGACAGACTACAGTGATGGAGACCCACTAGAT
GTGCACAAGAGGCTGCCATCCAGTACTGGAGAGGACCGAGCCGTGATGCTGGGGTTTGCC
ATGATGGGCTTCTCAGTCCTAATGTTCTTCTTGCTCGGAACAACCATTCTAAAGCCTTTT
ATGCTCAGCATTCAGAGAGAAGAATCGACCTGCACTGCCATCCACACAGATATCATGGAC
GACTGGCTGGACTGTGCCTTCACCTGTGGTGTGCACTGCCACGGTCAGGGGAAGTACCCA
TGTCTTCAGGTGTTTGTGAACCTCAGCCATCCAGGTCAGAAAGCTCTCCTACATTATAAT
GAAGAGGCTGTCCAGATAAATCCCAAGTGCTTTTACACACCTAAGTGCCACCAAGATAGA
AATGATTTGCTCAACAGTGCTCTGGACATAAAAGAATTCTTCGATCACAAAAATGGAACT
CCCTTTTCATGCTTCTACAGTCCAGCCAGCCAATCTGAAGATGTCATTCTTATAAAAAAG
TATGACCAAATGGCTATCTTCCACTGTTTATTTTGGCCTTCACTGACTCTGCTAGGTGGT
GCCCTGATTGTTGGCATGGTGAGATTAACACAACACCTGTCCTTACTGTGTGAAAAATAT
AGCACTGTAGTCAGAGATGAGGTAGGTGGAAAAGTACCTTATATAGAACAGCATCAGTTC
AAACTGTGCATTATGAGGAGGAGCAAAGGAAGAGCAGAGAAATCTTAA
Target 26 GenBank Gene ID Not Available
Target 26 GeneCard ID KCNMB3 Link Image
Target 26 GenAtlas ID KCNMB3 Link Image
Target 26 HGNC ID HGNC:6287 Link Image
Target 26 Chromosome Location Not Available
Target 26 Locus 3q26.3-q27
Target 26 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Target 26 Toxin References
  • W845 - Knaus HG, McManus OB, Lee SH, Schmalhofer WA, Garcia-Calvo M, Helms LM, Sanchez M, Giangiacomo K, Reuben JP, Smith AB 3rd, et al. Tremorgenic indole alkaloids potently inhibit smooth muscle high-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels. Biochemistry. 1994 May 17;33(19):5819-28. [PubMed Link Image]
Target 26 General References 10585773; 10692449; 10766764; 10792058; 10828459; 10864947; 11382808; 11382809; 14612589; 12740608
Target 27 [top]
Target 27 ID 816
Target 27 Name Calcium-activated potassium channel subunit beta-4
Target 27 Mechanism of Action Verruculogen inhibits presynaptic high-conductance Ca+2 activated maxi-K+ channels in the smooth muscle. (W845)
Target 27 Description Regulatory subunit of the calcium activated potassium KCNMA1 (maxiK) channel. Modulates the calcium sensitivity and gating kinetics of KCNMA1, thereby contributing to KCNMA1 channel diversity. Decreases the gating kinetics and calcium sensitivity of the KCNMA1 channel, but with fast deactivation kinetics. May decrease KCNMA1 channel openings at low calcium concentrations but increases channel openings at high calcium concentrations. Makes KCNMA1 channel resistant to 100 nM charybdotoxin (CTX) toxin concentrations
Target 27 Synonyms
  1. Calcium-activated potassium channel, subfamily M subunit beta-4; Maxi K channel subunit beta-4; BK channel subunit beta-4; BKbeta4; Hbeta4; K(VCA)beta-4; Slo-beta-4; Charybdotoxin receptor subunit beta-4
Target 27 Gene Name KCNMB4
Target 27 Protein Sequence >Calcium-activated potassium channel subunit beta-4 
MAKLRVAYEYTEAEDKSIRLGLFLIISGVVSLFIFGFCWLSPALQDLQATEANCTVLSVQ
QIGEVFECTFTCGADCRGTSQYPCVQVYVNNSESNSRALLHSDEHQLLTNPKCSYIPPCK
RENQKNLESVMNWQQYWKDEIGSQPFTCYFNQHQRPDDVLLHRTHDEIVLLHCFLWPLVT
FVVGVLIVVLTICAKSLAVKAEAMKKRKFS
Target 27 Number of Residues 210
Target 27 Molecular Weight 23948.5
Target 27 Theoretical pI 6.75
Target 27 GO Classification
Function
transporter activity
ion transporter activity
ion channel activity
cation channel activity
potassium channel activity
calcium-activated potassium channel activity
Process
physiological process
cellular physiological process
transport
ion transport
cation transport
monovalent inorganic cation transport
potassium ion transport
Component
cell
membrane
Target 27 General Function Involved in calcium-activated potassium channel activity
Target 27 Pathways Not Available
Target 27 Reactions Not Available
Target 27 Signals
  • None
Target 27 Transmembrane Regions
  • 20-40
  • 168-188
Target 27 Essentiality Non Essential
Target 27 Domain Function PF03185:CaKB
Target 27 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Target 27 UniProtKB ID Q86W47 Link Image
Target 27 Cellular Location Membrane
Target 27 Gene Sequence >633 bp 
ATGGCGAAGCTCCGGGTGGCTTACGAGTACACGGAAGCCGAGGACAAGAGCATCCGGCTC
GGCTTGTTTCTCATCATCTCCGGCGTCGTGTCGCTCTTCATCTTCGGCTTCTGCTGGCTG
AGTCCCGCGCTGCAGGATCTGCAAGCCACGGAGGCCAATTGCACGGTGCTGTCGGTGCAG
CAGATCGGCGAGGTGTTCGAGTGCACCTTCACCTGTGGCGCCGACTGCAGGGGCACCTCG
CAGTACCCCTGCGTCCAGGTCTACGTGAACAACTCTGAGTCCAACTCTAGGGCGCTGCTG
CACAGCGACGAGCACCAGCTCCTGACCAACCCCAAGTGCTCCTATATCCCTCCCTGTAAG
AGAGAAAATCAGAAGAATTTGGAAAGTGTCATGAATTGGCAACAGTACTGGAAAGATGAG
ATTGGTTCCCAGCCATTTACTTGCTATTTTAATCAACATCAAAGACCAGATGATGTGCTT
CTGCATCGCACTCATGATGAGATTGTCCTCCTGCATTGCTTCCTCTGGCCCCTGGTGACA
TTTGTGGTGGGCGTTCTCATTGTGGTCCTGACCATCTGTGCCAAGAGCTTGGCGATCAAG
GCGGAAGCCATGAAGAAGCGCAAGTTCTCTTAA
Target 27 GenBank Gene ID Not Available
Target 27 GeneCard ID KCNMB4 Link Image
Target 27 GenAtlas ID KCNMB4 Link Image
Target 27 HGNC ID HGNC:6289 Link Image
Target 27 Chromosome Location Chromosome:12
Target 27 Locus 12q
Target 27 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Target 27 Toxin References
  • W845 - Knaus HG, McManus OB, Lee SH, Schmalhofer WA, Garcia-Calvo M, Helms LM, Sanchez M, Giangiacomo K, Reuben JP, Smith AB 3rd, et al. Tremorgenic indole alkaloids potently inhibit smooth muscle high-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels. Biochemistry. 1994 May 17;33(19):5819-28. [PubMed Link Image]
Target 27 General References 10792058; 10828459; 10692449; 10804197; 15489334; 11790768; 12223479; 12136044
Target 28 [top]
Target 28 ID 632
Target 28 Name DNA
Target 28 Mechanism of Action Verruculogen is also genotoxic and causes DNA damage. (W884)
Target 28 Description Not Available
Target 28 Synonyms Not Available
Target 28 Gene Name Not Available
Target 28 Protein Sequence Not Available
Target 28 Number of Residues Not Available
Target 28 Molecular Weight 0.0
Target 28 Theoretical pI Not Available
Target 28 GO Classification
Function
Not Available
Process
Not Available
Component
Not Available
Target 28 General Function Not Available
Target 28 Pathways Not Available
Target 28 Reactions Not Available
Target 28 Signals Not Available
Target 28 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Target 28 Essentiality Not Available
Target 28 Domain Function Not Available
Target 28 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Target 28 UniProtKB ID DNA Link Image
Target 28 Cellular Location Not Available
Target 28 Gene Sequence Not Available
Target 28 GenBank Gene ID Not Available
Target 28 GeneCard ID Not Available
Target 28 GenAtlas ID Not Available
Target 28 HGNC ID Not Available
Target 28 Chromosome Location Not Available
Target 28 Locus Not Available
Target 28 SNPs Not Available
Target 28 Toxin References
  • W884 - Sabater-Vilar M, Nijmeijer S, Fink-Gremmels J. Genotoxicity assessment of five tremorgenic mycotoxins (fumitremorgen B, paxilline, penitrem A, verruculogen, and verrucosidin) produced by molds isolated from fermented meats. J Food Prot. 2003 Nov;66(11):2123-9. [PubMed Link Image]
Target 28 General References Not Available

This project is supported by Genome Alberta & Genome Canada, a not-for-profit organization that is leading Canada's national genomics strategy with $600 million in funding from the federal government.