Showing toxin card for Bromoacetic acid (T3D1777)
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| Version | 1.0 |
| Creation Date | 2009-06-22 16:08:35 |
| Update Date | 2010-03-18 21:54:57 |
| Accession Number | T3D1777 |
| Name | Bromoacetic acid |
| Compound Type |
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| Description | Bromoacetic acid is an organobromide compound. Bromoacetic acid and its esters are widely used building blocks in organic synthesis, for example in pharmaceutical chemistry. Bromine is a halogen element with the symbol Br and atomic number 35. Diatomic bromine does not occur naturally, but bromine salts can be found in crustal rock. (R987, R1057) |
| Synonyms |
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| Chemical IUPAC Name | 2-bromoacetic acid |
| Chemical Formula | C2H3BrO2 |
| Chemical Structure | |
| CAS Registry Number | 79-08-3 |
| InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C2H3BrO2/c3-1-2(4)5/h1H2,(H,4,5) |
| InChI Key | InChIKey=KDPAWGWELVVRCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| PubChem Compound ID | 6227  |
| KEGG ID | Not Available |
| UniProt ID | Not Available |
| OMIM ID | Not Available |
| ChEBI ID | Not Available |
| BioCyc ID | Not Available |
| SuperToxic ID | Not Available |
| CTD ID | Not Available |
| Stitch ID | Bromoacetic acid |
| DrugBank ID | Not Available |
| PDB ID | Not Available |
| ACToR ID | Not Available |
| Wikipedia Link | Not Available |
| Monoisotopic Mass | 137.931642 |
| MOL File | Show |
| PDB File | Show |
| SDF File | Show |
| SMILES | OC(=O)CBr |
| Appearance | White to pale yellow crystals. |
| Melting Point | 50 oC |
| Solubility | 1750 mg/mL at 25 oC [BOWDEN,DJ et al. (1998A)] |
| Predicted LogP | 0.4995 |
| Route of Exposure | Oral (R989) ; inhalation (R989) ; dermal (R989) |
| Mechanism of Action | Bromine is a powerful oxidizing agent and is able to release oxygen free radicals from the water in mucous membranes. These free radicals are also potent oxidizers and produce tissue damage. In additon, the formation of hydrobromic and bromic acids will result in secondary irritation. The bromide ion is also known to affect the central nervous system, causing bromism. This is believed to be a result of bromide ions substituting for chloride ions in the in actions of neurotransmitters and transport systems, thus affecting numerous synaptic processes. (R989, R990, R991) |
| Metabolism | Bromine is mainly absorbed via inhalation, but may also enter the body through dermal contact. Bromine salts can be ingested. Due to its reactivity, bromine quickly forms bromide and may be deposited in the tissues, displacing other halogens. (R989) |
| Toxicity Values | LD50: 177 mg/kg (Oral, Rat) (R1058) |
| Lethal Dose | Not Available |
| Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification) | Not Available |
| Uses/Sources | Not Available |
| Minimum Risk Level | Not Available |
| Health Effects | Bromine vapour causes irritation and direct damage to the mucous membranes. Elemental bromine also burns the skin. The bromide ion is a central nervous system depressant and chronic exposure produces neuronal effects. This is called bromism and can result in central reactions reaching from somnolence to coma, cachexia, exicosis, loss of reflexes or pathologic reflexes, clonic seizures, tremor, ataxia, loss of neural sensitivity, paresis, papillar edema of the eyes, abnormal speech, cerebral edema, delirium, aggressiveness, and psychoses. (R987, R989, R990) |
| Symptoms | Bromine vapour causes irritation and direct damage to the mucous membranes. Symptoms include lacrimation, rhinorrhoea, eye irritation with mucous secretions from the oropharyngeal and upper airways, coughing, dyspnoea, choking, wheezing, epistaxis, and headache. The bromide ion is a central nervous system depressant producing ataxia, slurred speech, tremor, nausea, vomiting, lethargy, dizziness, visual disturbances, unsteadiness, headaches, impaired memory and concentration, disorientation and hallucinations. This is called bromism. (R989, R990) |
| Treatment | Bromine should be washed with water from any areas of dermal or ocular contact. If inhaled, treatment is mainly symptomatic and may include maintaining an adequate airway, administering oxygen, antibronchospasm therapy, and/or antibiotics. (R989) |
| General References |
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