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T3D0133 - Hydrogen cyanide

Record Information
Version 1.0
Creation Date 2009-03-06 18:58:08 UTC
Update Date 2013-04-25 08:32:58 UTC
Accession Number T3D0133
Identification
Common Name Hydrogen cyanide
Description Hydrogen cyanide is a chemical compound of cyanide. Certain bacteria, fungi, and algae can produce cyanide, and cyanide is found in a number of foods and plants. Hydrogen cyanide is a precursor to many chemical compounds, ranging from polymers to pharmaceuticals. (R177)
Compound Type
  • Organic Compound
  • Cyanide Compound
Chemical Structure
Thumb
MOL SDF SMILES InChI
Synonyms
  1. Acide cyanhydrique [french]
  2. Acide cyanhydrique [iso-french]
  3. Acido cianidrico [italian]
  4. Blausaeure [german]
  5. Blauwzuur [dutch]
  6. Carbon hydride nitride
  7. Carbon hydride nitride (CHN)
  8. Cyaanwaterstof [dutch]
  9. Cyanide
  10. Cyanide group
  11. Cyanwasserstoff [german]
  12. Cyclon
  13. Cyjanowodor [polish]
  14. Evercyn
  15. Formic anammonide
  16. Formonitrile
  17. Hydridonitridocarbon
  18. Hydrocyanic Acid
  19. Hydrocyanic Acid (prussic), unstabilized [forbidden]
  20. Hydrocyanic Acid, anhydrous, stabilized
  21. Hydrogen cyanide [iso]
  22. Hydrogen cyanide, anhydrous, stabilized
  23. Hydrogen isocyanide
  24. Hydrogen(nitridocarbonate)
  25. Methanenitrile
  26. Nitrilomethane
  27. Prussic Acid
  28. Prussic Acid, anhydrous, stabilized
  29. Prussic Acid, unstabilized
  30. Zaclondiscoids
  31. Zootic Acid
  32. Zyklon
  33. Zyklon b
Chemical Formula CHN
Average Molecular Weight 27.0253
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight 27.010899037
Chemical IUPAC Name
hydrogen cyanide
CAS Registry Number 74-90-8
SMILES
C#N
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/CHN/c1-2/h1H
InChI Key InChIKey=LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Kingdom Organic Compounds
Super Class Organonitrogen Compounds
Class Nitriles
Sub Class Not Available
Direct Parent Nitriles
Alternative Parents Not Available
Molecular Framework Aliphatic Acyclic Compounds
Substituents Not Available
External Descriptors
  • one-carbon compound(ChEBI)
  • hydracid(ChEBI)
  • a non-metabolic compound(Cyc)
DrugBank ID Not Available
PubChem Compound ID 768 Link_out
KEGG ID C01326 Link_out
UniProt ID Not Available
OMIM ID Not Available
ChEBI ID 18407 Link_out
BioCyc ID HCN Link_out
CTD ID D006856 Link_out
Stitch ID Hydrogen cyanide Link_out
PDB ID Not Available
ACToR ID 6076
Wikipedia Link http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen cyanide Link_out
Physical Properties
Appearance Colorless gas or liquid.
Melting Point -13.4 C
Solubility 1000 mg/mL at 25 °C [METCALF,RL (1978)]
Predicted LogP -0.34619831566666665
Toxicity Profile
Route of Exposure Oral (R172) ; inhalation (R172) ; dermal (R172)
Mechanism of Action Cyanide complexes with ferric iron of cytochrome c oxidase in the fourth complex of the electron transport chain, leading to the inhibition of the electron transport from cytochrom c to oxygen, and thus inhibition of ATP production. Tissues that mainly depend on aerobic respiration, such as the central nervous system and the heart, are particularly affected. Cyanide is also known to produce some of its toxic effects by binding to catalase, glutathione peroxidase, methemoglobin, hydroxocobalamin, phosphatase, tyrosinase, ascorbic acid oxidase, xanthine oxidase, succinic dehydrogenase, and Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase. Cyanide binds to the ferric ion of methemoglobin to form inactive cyanmethemoglobin. (R173)
Metabolism Cyanide is rapidly alsorbed through oral, inhalation, and dermal routes and distributed throughout the body. Cyanide is mainly metabolized into thiocyanate by either rhodanese or 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfur transferase. Cyanide metabolites are excreted in the urine. (R172)
Toxicity Values LD50: 3700 ug/kg (Subcutaneous, Rat) (N010) LD50: 810 ug/kg (Intravenous, Rat) (S736) LD50: 3700 ug/kg (Oral, Mouse) (S736) LD50: 2990 ug/kg (Intraperitoneal, Mouse) (S736) LC50: 142 ppm over 30 minutes (Inhalation, Rat) (R353)
Lethal Dose 50 to 60 mg (oral) or 270 ppm (inhaled for an adult human. (R411, R555)
Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification) Not Available
Uses/Sources Hydrogen cyanide is a precursor to many chemical compounds, ranging from polymers to pharmaceuticals. (R177)
Minimum Risk Level Not Available
Health Effects Exposure to high levels of cyanide for a short time harms the brain and heart and can even cause coma, seizures, apnea, cardiac arrest and death. Chronic inhalation of cyanide causes breathing difficulties, chest pain, vomiting, blood changes, headaches, and enlargement of the thyroid gland. Skin contact with cyanide salts can irritate and produce sores. (R172, R173)
Symptoms Cyanide poisoning is identified by rapid, deep breathing and shortness of breath, general weakness, giddiness, headaches, vertigo, confusion, convulsions/seizures and eventually loss of consciousness. (R172, R173)
Treatment Antidotes to cyanide poisoning include hydroxocobalamin and sodium nitrite, which release the cyanide from the cytochrome system, and rhodanase, which is an enzyme occurring naturally in mammals that combines serum cyanide with thiosulfate, producing comparatively harmless thiocyanate. Oxygen therapy can also be administered. (R173)
References
General References
  • R177 — Wikipedia. Hydrogen cyanide. Last Updated 26 March 2009. [Link]
  • R172 — ATSDR - Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (2006). Toxicological profile for cyanide. U.S. Public Health Service in collaboration with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). [Link]
  • R173 — Wikipedia. Cyanide poisoning. Last Updated 30 March 2009. [Link]
  • R411 — Hathaway GJ, Proctor NH, and Hughes JP. (1996). Chemical Hazards of the Workplace. 4th ed. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold Company.
  • R555 — Budavari, S (ed) (1996). The Merck Index - An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals. Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merck and Co., Inc.

Targets

1. Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1

Cytochrome c oxidase is the component of the respiratory chain that catalyzes the reduction of oxygen to water. Subunits 1-3 form the functional core of the enzyme complex. CO I is the catalytic subunit of the enzyme. Electrons originating in cytochrome c are transferred via the copper A center of subunit 2 and heme A of subunit 1 to the bimetallic center formed by heme A3 and copper B.

Cyanide is an inhibitor of cytochrome c oxidase in the fourth complex of the electron transport chain (found in the membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells). It complexes with the ferric iron atom in this enzyme. The binding of cyanide to this cytochrome prevents transport of electrons from cytochrome c oxidase to oxygen. As a result, the electron transport chain is disrupted and the cell can no longer aerobically produce ATP for energy. Tissues that mainly depend on aerobic respiration, such as the central nervous system and the heart, are particularly affected. (R173)
UniProt ID: P00395 Link_out
Gene: MT-CO1 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out
References:
  • R173 — Wikipedia. Cyanide poisoning. Last Updated 30 March 2009. [Link]

2. Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2

Cytochrome c oxidase is the component of the respiratory chain that catalyzes the reduction of oxygen to water. Subunits 1-3 form the functional core of the enzyme complex. Subunit 2 transfers the electrons from cytochrome c via its binuclear copper A center to the bimetallic center of the catalytic subunit 1.

Cyanide is an inhibitor of cytochrome c oxidase in the fourth complex of the electron transport chain (found in the membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells). It complexes with the ferric iron atom in this enzyme. The binding of cyanide to this cytochrome prevents transport of electrons from cytochrome c oxidase to oxygen. As a result, the electron transport chain is disrupted and the cell can no longer aerobically produce ATP for energy. Tissues that mainly depend on aerobic respiration, such as the central nervous system and the heart, are particularly affected. (R173)
UniProt ID: P00403 Link_out
Gene: MT-CO2 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out
References:
  • R173 — Wikipedia. Cyanide poisoning. Last Updated 30 March 2009. [Link]

3. Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 3

Subunits I, II and III form the functional core of the enzyme complex.

Cyanide is an inhibitor of cytochrome c oxidase in the fourth complex of the electron transport chain (found in the membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells). It complexes with the ferric iron atom in this enzyme. The binding of cyanide to this cytochrome prevents transport of electrons from cytochrome c oxidase to oxygen. As a result, the electron transport chain is disrupted and the cell can no longer aerobically produce ATP for energy. Tissues that mainly depend on aerobic respiration, such as the central nervous system and the heart, are particularly affected. (R173)
UniProt ID: P00414 Link_out
Gene: MT-CO3 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out
References:
  • R173 — Wikipedia. Cyanide poisoning. Last Updated 30 March 2009. [Link]

4. Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 1, mitochondrial

This protein is one of the nuclear-coded polypeptide chains of cytochrome c oxidase, the terminal oxidase in mitochondrial electron transport.

Cyanide is an inhibitor of cytochrome c oxidase in the fourth complex of the electron transport chain (found in the membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells). It complexes with the ferric iron atom in this enzyme. The binding of cyanide to this cytochrome prevents transport of electrons from cytochrome c oxidase to oxygen. As a result, the electron transport chain is disrupted and the cell can no longer aerobically produce ATP for energy. Tissues that mainly depend on aerobic respiration, such as the central nervous system and the heart, are particularly affected. (R173)
UniProt ID: P13073 Link_out
Gene: COX4I1 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out
References:
  • R173 — Wikipedia. Cyanide poisoning. Last Updated 30 March 2009. [Link]

5. Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5A, mitochondrial

This is the heme A-containing chain of cytochrome c oxidase, the terminal oxidase in mitochondrial electron transport.

Cyanide is an inhibitor of cytochrome c oxidase in the fourth complex of the electron transport chain (found in the membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells). It complexes with the ferric iron atom in this enzyme. The binding of cyanide to this cytochrome prevents transport of electrons from cytochrome c oxidase to oxygen. As a result, the electron transport chain is disrupted and the cell can no longer aerobically produce ATP for energy. Tissues that mainly depend on aerobic respiration, such as the central nervous system and the heart, are particularly affected. (R173)
UniProt ID: P20674 Link_out
Gene: COX5A Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out
References:
  • R173 — Wikipedia. Cyanide poisoning. Last Updated 30 March 2009. [Link]

6. Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5B, mitochondrial

This protein is one of the nuclear-coded polypeptide chains of cytochrome c oxidase, the terminal oxidase in mitochondrial electron transport.

Cyanide is an inhibitor of cytochrome c oxidase in the fourth complex of the electron transport chain (found in the membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells). It complexes with the ferric iron atom in this enzyme. The binding of cyanide to this cytochrome prevents transport of electrons from cytochrome c oxidase to oxygen. As a result, the electron transport chain is disrupted and the cell can no longer aerobically produce ATP for energy. Tissues that mainly depend on aerobic respiration, such as the central nervous system and the heart, are particularly affected. (R173)
UniProt ID: P10606 Link_out
Gene: COX5B Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out
References:
  • R173 — Wikipedia. Cyanide poisoning. Last Updated 30 March 2009. [Link]

7. Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A1, mitochondrial

This protein is one of the nuclear-coded polypeptide chains of cytochrome c oxidase, the terminal oxidase in mitochondrial electron transport.

Cyanide is an inhibitor of cytochrome c oxidase in the fourth complex of the electron transport chain (found in the membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells). It complexes with the ferric iron atom in this enzyme. The binding of cyanide to this cytochrome prevents transport of electrons from cytochrome c oxidase to oxygen. As a result, the electron transport chain is disrupted and the cell can no longer aerobically produce ATP for energy. Tissues that mainly depend on aerobic respiration, such as the central nervous system and the heart, are particularly affected. (R173)
UniProt ID: P12074 Link_out
Gene: COX6A1 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out
References:
  • R173 — Wikipedia. Cyanide poisoning. Last Updated 30 March 2009. [Link]

8. Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A2, mitochondrial

This protein is one of the nuclear-coded polypeptide chains of cytochrome c oxidase, the terminal oxidase in mitochondrial electron transport.

Cyanide is an inhibitor of cytochrome c oxidase in the fourth complex of the electron transport chain (found in the membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells). It complexes with the ferric iron atom in this enzyme. The binding of cyanide to this cytochrome prevents transport of electrons from cytochrome c oxidase to oxygen. As a result, the electron transport chain is disrupted and the cell can no longer aerobically produce ATP for energy. Tissues that mainly depend on aerobic respiration, such as the central nervous system and the heart, are particularly affected. (R173)
UniProt ID: Q02221 Link_out
Gene: COX6A2 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out
References:
  • R173 — Wikipedia. Cyanide poisoning. Last Updated 30 March 2009. [Link]

9. Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B1

Connects the two COX monomers into the physiological dimeric form (By similarity).

Cyanide is an inhibitor of cytochrome c oxidase in the fourth complex of the electron transport chain (found in the membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells). It complexes with the ferric iron atom in this enzyme. The binding of cyanide to this cytochrome prevents transport of electrons from cytochrome c oxidase to oxygen. As a result, the electron transport chain is disrupted and the cell can no longer aerobically produce ATP for energy. Tissues that mainly depend on aerobic respiration, such as the central nervous system and the heart, are particularly affected. (R173)
UniProt ID: P14854 Link_out
Gene: COX6B1 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out
References:
  • R173 — Wikipedia. Cyanide poisoning. Last Updated 30 March 2009. [Link]

10. Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6C

This protein is one of the nuclear-coded polypeptide chains of cytochrome c oxidase, the terminal oxidase in mitochondrial electron transport.

Cyanide is an inhibitor of cytochrome c oxidase in the fourth complex of the electron transport chain (found in the membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells). It complexes with the ferric iron atom in this enzyme. The binding of cyanide to this cytochrome prevents transport of electrons from cytochrome c oxidase to oxygen. As a result, the electron transport chain is disrupted and the cell can no longer aerobically produce ATP for energy. Tissues that mainly depend on aerobic respiration, such as the central nervous system and the heart, are particularly affected. (R173)
UniProt ID: P09669 Link_out
Gene: COX6C Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out
References:
  • R173 — Wikipedia. Cyanide poisoning. Last Updated 30 March 2009. [Link]

11. Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A1, mitochondrial

This protein is one of the nuclear-coded polypeptide chains of cytochrome c oxidase, the terminal oxidase in mitochondrial electron transport.

Cyanide is an inhibitor of cytochrome c oxidase in the fourth complex of the electron transport chain (found in the membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells). It complexes with the ferric iron atom in this enzyme. The binding of cyanide to this cytochrome prevents transport of electrons from cytochrome c oxidase to oxygen. As a result, the electron transport chain is disrupted and the cell can no longer aerobically produce ATP for energy. Tissues that mainly depend on aerobic respiration, such as the central nervous system and the heart, are particularly affected. (R173)
UniProt ID: P24310 Link_out
Gene: COX7A1 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out
References:
  • R173 — Wikipedia. Cyanide poisoning. Last Updated 30 March 2009. [Link]

12. Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A2, mitochondrial

This protein is one of the nuclear-coded polypeptide chains of cytochrome c oxidase, the terminal oxidase in mitochondrial electron transport.

Cyanide is an inhibitor of cytochrome c oxidase in the fourth complex of the electron transport chain (found in the membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells). It complexes with the ferric iron atom in this enzyme. The binding of cyanide to this cytochrome prevents transport of electrons from cytochrome c oxidase to oxygen. As a result, the electron transport chain is disrupted and the cell can no longer aerobically produce ATP for energy. Tissues that mainly depend on aerobic respiration, such as the central nervous system and the heart, are particularly affected. (R173)
UniProt ID: P14406 Link_out
Gene: COX7A2 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out
References:
  • R173 — Wikipedia. Cyanide poisoning. Last Updated 30 March 2009. [Link]

13. Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7B, mitochondrial

This protein is one of the nuclear-coded polypeptide chains of cytochrome c oxidase, the terminal oxidase in mitochondrial electron transport.

Cyanide is an inhibitor of cytochrome c oxidase in the fourth complex of the electron transport chain (found in the membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells). It complexes with the ferric iron atom in this enzyme. The binding of cyanide to this cytochrome prevents transport of electrons from cytochrome c oxidase to oxygen. As a result, the electron transport chain is disrupted and the cell can no longer aerobically produce ATP for energy. Tissues that mainly depend on aerobic respiration, such as the central nervous system and the heart, are particularly affected. (R173)
UniProt ID: P24311 Link_out
Gene: COX7B Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out
References:
  • R173 — Wikipedia. Cyanide poisoning. Last Updated 30 March 2009. [Link]

14. Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7C, mitochondrial

This protein is one of the nuclear-coded polypeptide chains of cytochrome c oxidase, the terminal oxidase in mitochondrial electron transport.

Cyanide is an inhibitor of cytochrome c oxidase in the fourth complex of the electron transport chain (found in the membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells). It complexes with the ferric iron atom in this enzyme. The binding of cyanide to this cytochrome prevents transport of electrons from cytochrome c oxidase to oxygen. As a result, the electron transport chain is disrupted and the cell can no longer aerobically produce ATP for energy. Tissues that mainly depend on aerobic respiration, such as the central nervous system and the heart, are particularly affected. (R173)
UniProt ID: P15954 Link_out
Gene: COX7C Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out
References:
  • R173 — Wikipedia. Cyanide poisoning. Last Updated 30 March 2009. [Link]

15. Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 8A, mitochondrial

This protein is one of the nuclear-coded polypeptide chains of cytochrome c oxidase, the terminal oxidase in mitochondrial electron transport.

Cyanide is an inhibitor of cytochrome c oxidase in the fourth complex of the electron transport chain (found in the membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells). It complexes with the ferric iron atom in this enzyme. The binding of cyanide to this cytochrome prevents transport of electrons from cytochrome c oxidase to oxygen. As a result, the electron transport chain is disrupted and the cell can no longer aerobically produce ATP for energy. Tissues that mainly depend on aerobic respiration, such as the central nervous system and the heart, are particularly affected. (R173)
UniProt ID: P10176 Link_out
Gene: COX8A Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out
References:
  • R173 — Wikipedia. Cyanide poisoning. Last Updated 30 March 2009. [Link]

16. Catalase

Occurs in almost all aerobically respiring organisms and serves to protect cells from the toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide. Promotes growth of cells including T-cells, B-cells, myeloid leukemia cells, melanoma cells, mastocytoma cells and normal and transformed fibroblast cells.

Cyanide inhibits catalase. (R211)
UniProt ID: P04040 Link_out
Gene: CAT Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out
References:
  • R211 — Kang YS, Lee DH, Yoon BJ, Oh DC: Purification and characterization of a catalase from photosynthetic bacterium Rhodospirillum rubrum S1 grown under anaerobic conditions. J Microbiol. 2006 Apr;44(2):185-91. [16728955 Link_out]

17. Glutathione peroxidase 1

Protects the hemoglobin in erythrocytes from oxidative breakdown.

Cyanide inhibits glutathione peroxidases. (R212)
UniProt ID: P07203 Link_out
Gene: GPX1 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out
References:
  • R212 — Kraus RJ, Ganther HE: Reaction of cyanide with glutathione peroxidase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1980 Oct 16;96(3):1116-22. [7437059 Link_out]

18. Glutathione peroxidase 2

Could play a major role in protecting mammals from the toxicity of ingested organic hydroperoxides. Tert-butyl hydroperoxide, cumene hydroperoxide and linoleic acid hydroperoxide but not phosphatidycholine hydroperoxide, can act as acceptors.

Cyanide inhibits glutathione peroxidases. (R212)
UniProt ID: P18283 Link_out
Gene: GPX2 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out
References:
  • R212 — Kraus RJ, Ganther HE: Reaction of cyanide with glutathione peroxidase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1980 Oct 16;96(3):1116-22. [7437059 Link_out]

19. Glutathione peroxidase 3

Protects cells and enzymes from oxidative damage, by catalyzing the reduction of hydrogen peroxide, lipid peroxides and organic hydroperoxide, by glutathione.

Cyanide inhibits glutathione peroxidases. (R212)
UniProt ID: P22352 Link_out
Gene: GPX3 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out
References:
  • R212 — Kraus RJ, Ganther HE: Reaction of cyanide with glutathione peroxidase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1980 Oct 16;96(3):1116-22. [7437059 Link_out]

20. Phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase, mitochondrial

Protects cells against membrane lipid peroxidation and cell death. Required for normal sperm development and male fertility. Could play a major role in protecting mammals from the toxicity of ingested lipid hydroperoxides. Essential for embryonic development. Protects from radiation and oxidative damage (By similarity).

Cyanide inhibits glutathione peroxidases. (R212)
UniProt ID: P36969 Link_out
Gene: GPX4 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out
References:
  • R212 — Kraus RJ, Ganther HE: Reaction of cyanide with glutathione peroxidase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1980 Oct 16;96(3):1116-22. [7437059 Link_out]

21. Epididymal secretory glutathione peroxidase

Protects cells and enzymes from oxidative damage, by catalyzing the reduction of hydrogen peroxide, lipid peroxides and organic hydroperoxide, by glutathione. May constitute a glutathione peroxidase-like protective system against peroxide damage in sperm membrane lipids.

Cyanide inhibits glutathione peroxidases. (R212)
UniProt ID: O75715 Link_out
Gene: GPX5 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out
References:
  • R212 — Kraus RJ, Ganther HE: Reaction of cyanide with glutathione peroxidase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1980 Oct 16;96(3):1116-22. [7437059 Link_out]

22. Glutathione peroxidase 6

Cyanide inhibits glutathione peroxidases. (R212)
UniProt ID: P59796 Link_out
Gene: GPX6 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out
References:
  • R212 — Kraus RJ, Ganther HE: Reaction of cyanide with glutathione peroxidase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1980 Oct 16;96(3):1116-22. [7437059 Link_out]

23. Tyrosinase

This is a copper-containing oxidase that functions in the formation of pigments such as melanins and other polyphenolic compounds. Catalyzes the rate-limiting conversions of tyrosine to DOPA, DOPA to DOPA-quinone and possibly 5,6-dihydroxyindole to indole-5,6 quinone.

Cyanide inhibits tyrosinase. (R214)
UniProt ID: P14679 Link_out
Gene: TYR Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out
References:
  • R214 — Laufer Z, Beckett RP, Minibayeva FV: Co-occurrence of the multicopper oxidases tyrosinase and laccase in lichens in sub-order peltigerineae. Ann Bot (Lond). 2006 Nov;98(5):1035-42. Epub 2006 Sep 1. [16950829 Link_out]

24. Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B2

Connects the two COX monomers into the physiological dimeric form (By similarity).

Cyanide is an inhibitor of cytochrome c oxidase in the fourth complex of the electron transport chain (found in the membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells). It complexes with the ferric iron atom in this enzyme. The binding of cyanide to this cytochrome prevents transport of electrons from cytochrome c oxidase to oxygen. As a result, the electron transport chain is disrupted and the cell can no longer aerobically produce ATP for energy. Tissues that mainly depend on aerobic respiration, such as the central nervous system and the heart, are particularly affected. (R173)
UniProt ID: Q6YFQ2 Link_out
Gene: COX6B2 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out
References:
  • R173 — Wikipedia. Cyanide poisoning. Last Updated 30 March 2009. [Link]

25. Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 2, mitochondrial

This protein is one of the nuclear-coded polypeptide chains of cytochrome c oxidase, the terminal oxidase in mitochondrial electron transport.

Cyanide is an inhibitor of cytochrome c oxidase in the fourth complex of the electron transport chain (found in the membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells). It complexes with the ferric iron atom in this enzyme. The binding of cyanide to this cytochrome prevents transport of electrons from cytochrome c oxidase to oxygen. As a result, the electron transport chain is disrupted and the cell can no longer aerobically produce ATP for energy. Tissues that mainly depend on aerobic respiration, such as the central nervous system and the heart, are particularly affected. (R173)
UniProt ID: Q96KJ9 Link_out
Gene: COX4I2 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out
References:
  • R173 — Wikipedia. Cyanide poisoning. Last Updated 30 March 2009. [Link]

26. Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7B2, mitochondrial

This protein is one of the nuclear-coded polypeptide chains of cytochrome c oxidase, the terminal oxidase in mitochondrial electron transport.

Cyanide is an inhibitor of cytochrome c oxidase in the fourth complex of the electron transport chain (found in the membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells). It complexes with the ferric iron atom in this enzyme. The binding of cyanide to this cytochrome prevents transport of electrons from cytochrome c oxidase to oxygen. As a result, the electron transport chain is disrupted and the cell can no longer aerobically produce ATP for energy. Tissues that mainly depend on aerobic respiration, such as the central nervous system and the heart, are particularly affected. (R173)
UniProt ID: Q8TF08 Link_out
Gene: COX7B2 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out
References:
  • R173 — Wikipedia. Cyanide poisoning. Last Updated 30 March 2009. [Link]

27. Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 8C, mitochondrial

This protein is one of the nuclear-coded polypeptide chains of cytochrome c oxidase, the terminal oxidase in mitochondrial electron transport.

Cyanide is an inhibitor of cytochrome c oxidase in the fourth complex of the electron transport chain (found in the membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells). It complexes with the ferric iron atom in this enzyme. The binding of cyanide to this cytochrome prevents transport of electrons from cytochrome c oxidase to oxygen. As a result, the electron transport chain is disrupted and the cell can no longer aerobically produce ATP for energy. Tissues that mainly depend on aerobic respiration, such as the central nervous system and the heart, are particularly affected. (R173)
UniProt ID: Q7Z4L0 Link_out
Gene: COX8C Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out
References:
  • R173 — Wikipedia. Cyanide poisoning. Last Updated 30 March 2009. [Link]

28. Glutathione peroxidase 7

It protects esophageal epithelia from hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress. It suppresses acidic bile acid-induced reactive oxigen species (ROS) and protects against oxidative DNA damage and double-strand breaks.

Cyanide inhibits glutathione peroxidases. (R212)
UniProt ID: Q96SL4 Link_out
Gene: GPX7 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out
References:
  • R212 — Kraus RJ, Ganther HE: Reaction of cyanide with glutathione peroxidase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1980 Oct 16;96(3):1116-22. [7437059 Link_out]

29. Alkaline phosphatase, placental-like

Cyanide inhibits alkaline phosphatases. (R210)
UniProt ID: P10696 Link_out
Gene: ALPPL2 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out
References:
  • R210 — Gerbitz KD: Human alkaline phosphatases. II. Metalloenzyme properties of the enzyme from human liver. Hoppe Seylers Z Physiol Chem. 1977 Nov;358(11):1491-7. [924371 Link_out]

30. Alkaline phosphatase, tissue-nonspecific isozyme

This isozyme may play a role in skeletal mineralization.

Cyanide inhibits alkaline phosphatases. (R210)
UniProt ID: P05186 Link_out
Gene: ALPL Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out
References:
  • R210 — Gerbitz KD: Human alkaline phosphatases. II. Metalloenzyme properties of the enzyme from human liver. Hoppe Seylers Z Physiol Chem. 1977 Nov;358(11):1491-7. [924371 Link_out]

31. Extracellular superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]

Protect the extracellular space from toxic effect of reactive oxygen intermediates by converting superoxide radicals into hydrogen peroxide and oxygen.

Cyanide inhibits superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]. (R209)
UniProt ID: P08294 Link_out
Gene: SOD3 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out
References:
  • R209 — Lee WG, Hwang JH, Na BK, Cho JH, Lee HW, Cho SH, Kong Y, Song CY, Kim TS: Functional expression of a recombinant copper/zinc superoxide dismutase of filarial nematode, Brugia malayi. J Parasitol. 2005 Feb;91(1):205-8. [15856906 Link_out]

32. Glutathione reductase, mitochondrial

Maintains high levels of reduced glutathione in the cytosol.

Cyanide inhibits glutathione reductase. (R213)
UniProt ID: P00390 Link_out
Gene: GSR Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out
References:
  • R213 — Ardelt BK, Borowitz JL, Isom GE: Brain lipid peroxidation and antioxidant protectant mechanisms following acute cyanide intoxication. Toxicology. 1989 Jun 1;56(2):147-54. [2734799 Link_out]

33. Probable glutathione peroxidase 8

2 glutathione + H(2)O(2) = glutathione disulfide + 2 H(2)O

Cyanide inhibits glutathione peroxidases. (R212)
UniProt ID: Q8TED1 Link_out
Gene: GPX8 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out
References:
  • R212 — Kraus RJ, Ganther HE: Reaction of cyanide with glutathione peroxidase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1980 Oct 16;96(3):1116-22. [7437059 Link_out]

34. Superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]

Destroys radicals which are normally produced within the cells and which are toxic to biological systems.

Cyanide inhibits superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]. (R209)
UniProt ID: P00441 Link_out
Gene: SOD1 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out
References:
  • R209 — Lee WG, Hwang JH, Na BK, Cho JH, Lee HW, Cho SH, Kong Y, Song CY, Kim TS: Functional expression of a recombinant copper/zinc superoxide dismutase of filarial nematode, Brugia malayi. J Parasitol. 2005 Feb;91(1):205-8. [15856906 Link_out]

35. Succinate dehydrogenase cytochrome b560 subunit, mitochondrial

Membrane-anchoring subunit of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) that is involved in complex II of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and is responsible for transferring electrons from succinate to ubiquinone (coenzyme Q).

Cyanide inhibits succinate dehydrogenases. (R213)
UniProt ID: Q99643 Link_out
Gene: SDHC Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out
References:
  • R213 — Ardelt BK, Borowitz JL, Isom GE: Brain lipid peroxidation and antioxidant protectant mechanisms following acute cyanide intoxication. Toxicology. 1989 Jun 1;56(2):147-54. [2734799 Link_out]

36. Succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] cytochrome b small subunit, mitochondrial

Membrane-anchoring subunit of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) that is involved in complex II of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and is responsible for transferring electrons from succinate to ubiquinone (coenzyme Q) (By similarity).

Cyanide inhibits succinate dehydrogenases. (R213)
UniProt ID: O14521 Link_out
Gene: SDHD Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out
References:
  • R213 — Ardelt BK, Borowitz JL, Isom GE: Brain lipid peroxidation and antioxidant protectant mechanisms following acute cyanide intoxication. Toxicology. 1989 Jun 1;56(2):147-54. [2734799 Link_out]

37. Succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein subunit, mitochondrial

Flavoprotein (FP) subunit of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) that is involved in complex II of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and is responsible for transferring electrons from succinate to ubiquinone (coenzyme Q). Can act as a tumor suppressor.

Cyanide inhibits succinate dehydrogenases. (R213)
UniProt ID: P31040 Link_out
Gene: SDHA Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out
References:
  • R213 — Ardelt BK, Borowitz JL, Isom GE: Brain lipid peroxidation and antioxidant protectant mechanisms following acute cyanide intoxication. Toxicology. 1989 Jun 1;56(2):147-54. [2734799 Link_out]

38. Succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur subunit, mitochondrial

Iron-sulfur protein (IP) subunit of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) that is involved in complex II of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and is responsible for transferring electrons from succinate to ubiquinone (coenzyme Q).

Cyanide inhibits succinate dehydrogenases. (R213)
UniProt ID: P21912 Link_out
Gene: SDHB Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out
References:
  • R213 — Ardelt BK, Borowitz JL, Isom GE: Brain lipid peroxidation and antioxidant protectant mechanisms following acute cyanide intoxication. Toxicology. 1989 Jun 1;56(2):147-54. [2734799 Link_out]