T3D0063 - Endrin ketone
| Record Information | |
|---|---|
| Version | 1.0 |
| Creation Date | 2009-03-06 18:58:00 UTC |
| Update Date | 2013-04-25 08:32:40 UTC |
| Accession Number | T3D0063 |
| Identification | |
| Common Name | Endrin ketone |
| Description | Endrin ketone is the chemical produced when endrin is exposed to light. Endrin is a chlorinated hydrocarbon used as an insecticide on cotton, maize, and rice. It also acts as an avicide and rodenticide. Due to its toxicity and tendency to bioaccumulate, its use is now banned in most parts of the world. (R190) |
| Compound Type |
|
| Chemical Structure |
|
| Synonyms |
|
| Chemical Formula | C12H8Cl6O |
| Average Molecular Weight | 380.909 |
| Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 377.87063112 |
| Chemical IUPAC Name | endrin ketone |
| CAS Registry Number | 53494-70-5 |
| SMILES | ClC1C2(Cl)C3C4CC5C3C(Cl)(C2(Cl)Cl)C1(Cl)C5C4=O |
| InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C12H8Cl6O/c13-8-9(14)6-2-1-3(7(6)19)4-5(2)11(9,16)12(17,18)10(4,8)15/h2-6,8H,1H2 |
| InChI Key | InChIKey=IZHZFAQWVKBTSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| Chemical Taxonomy | |
| Kingdom | Organic Compounds |
| Super Class | Alkenes |
| Class | Tropones |
| Sub Class | Not Available |
| Direct Parent | Tropones |
| Alternative Parents |
|
| Molecular Framework | Aliphatic Homopolycyclic Compounds |
| Substituents |
|
| External Descriptors | Not Available |
| External Links | |
| DrugBank ID | Not Available |
| PubChem Compound ID | 62060  |
| KEGG ID | Not Available |
| UniProt ID | Not Available |
| OMIM ID | Not Available |
| ChEBI ID | Not Available |
| BioCyc ID | Not Available |
| CTD ID | Not Available |
| Stitch ID | Endrin ketone |
| PDB ID | Not Available |
| ACToR ID | Not Available |
| Wikipedia Link | Not Available |
| Physical Properties | |
| Appearance | Not Available |
| Melting Point | Not Available |
| Solubility | Not Available |
| Predicted LogP | 4.320270692666666 |
| Toxicity Profile | |
| Route of Exposure | Oral (R190) |
| Mechanism of Action | Endrin antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. Endrin also inhibits Na+ K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. Endrin also causes increased lipid peroxidation, decreased membrane fluidity, and DNA damage in hepatocytes, but the exact mechanism is unknown. (R029, R191) |
| Metabolism | Endrin is absorbed orally and distributed primarily to the fat and skin. The major biotransformation product is anti-l 2-hydroxyendrin and the corresponding sulfate, as well as glucuronide metabolites. Anti- and syn-12-hydroxyendrin and 12-ketoendrin are the main toxic metabolites of endrin. Endrin and its metabolites are excreted in urine and feces. (R191) |
| Toxicity Values | Not Available |
| Lethal Dose | Not Available |
| Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification) | Not Available |
| Uses/Sources | Endrin is used as a pesticide. (R190) |
| Minimum Risk Level | Not Available |
| Health Effects | Endrin poisoning affects primarily the nerve system. Exposure causes various harmful effects including hyperexcitability, severe central nervous system damage, and death. Endrin is also believed to cause birth defects. (R029, R191) |
| Symptoms | Symptoms that may result from endrin poisoning are headaches, dizziness, nervousness, confusion, nausea, vomiting, and convulsions. (R191) |
| Treatment | Treatment is symptomatic, aimed at controlling convulsions, coma, and respiratory depression. If ingested, gastric lavage may be performed, followed by administering activated charcoal powder. (R291) |
| References | |
| General References |
|
Targets
1. Calcium-transporting ATPase type 2C member 1
This magnesium-dependent enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the transport of the calcium.
Endrin inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (R029)UniProt ID: P98194
Gene: ATP2C1
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report
References:
- R029 — Casarett LJ, Klaassen CD, and Watkins JB (2003). Casarett and Doull's essentials of toxicology. New York: McGraw-Hill/Medical Pub. Div.
2. Calcium-transporting ATPase type 2C member 2
This magnesium-dependent enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the transport of calcium (By similarity).
Endrin inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (R029)UniProt ID: O75185
Gene: ATP2C2
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report
References:
- R029 — Casarett LJ, Klaassen CD, and Watkins JB (2003). Casarett and Doull's essentials of toxicology. New York: McGraw-Hill/Medical Pub. Div.
3. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1
GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel.
Endrin antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (R029)UniProt ID: P14867
Gene: GABRA1
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report
References:
- R029 — Casarett LJ, Klaassen CD, and Watkins JB (2003). Casarett and Doull's essentials of toxicology. New York: McGraw-Hill/Medical Pub. Div.
4. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2
GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel.
Endrin antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (R029)UniProt ID: P47869
Gene: GABRA2
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report
References:
- R029 — Casarett LJ, Klaassen CD, and Watkins JB (2003). Casarett and Doull's essentials of toxicology. New York: McGraw-Hill/Medical Pub. Div.
5. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3
GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel.
Endrin antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (R029)UniProt ID: P34903
Gene: GABRA3
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report
References:
- R029 — Casarett LJ, Klaassen CD, and Watkins JB (2003). Casarett and Doull's essentials of toxicology. New York: McGraw-Hill/Medical Pub. Div.
6. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4
GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel.
Endrin antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (R029)UniProt ID: P48169
Gene: GABRA4
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report
References:
- R029 — Casarett LJ, Klaassen CD, and Watkins JB (2003). Casarett and Doull's essentials of toxicology. New York: McGraw-Hill/Medical Pub. Div.
7. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5
GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel.
Endrin antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (R029)UniProt ID: P31644
Gene: GABRA5
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report
References:
- R029 — Casarett LJ, Klaassen CD, and Watkins JB (2003). Casarett and Doull's essentials of toxicology. New York: McGraw-Hill/Medical Pub. Div.
8. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6
GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel.
Endrin antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (R029)UniProt ID: Q16445
Gene: GABRA6
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report
References:
- R029 — Casarett LJ, Klaassen CD, and Watkins JB (2003). Casarett and Doull's essentials of toxicology. New York: McGraw-Hill/Medical Pub. Div.
9. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1
GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel.
Endrin antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (R029)UniProt ID: P18505
Gene: GABRB1
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report
References:
- R029 — Casarett LJ, Klaassen CD, and Watkins JB (2003). Casarett and Doull's essentials of toxicology. New York: McGraw-Hill/Medical Pub. Div.
10. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2
GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel.
Endrin antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (R029)UniProt ID: P47870
Gene: GABRB2
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report
References:
- R029 — Casarett LJ, Klaassen CD, and Watkins JB (2003). Casarett and Doull's essentials of toxicology. New York: McGraw-Hill/Medical Pub. Div.
11. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3
GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel.
Endrin antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (R029)UniProt ID: P28472
Gene: GABRB3
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report
References:
- R029 — Casarett LJ, Klaassen CD, and Watkins JB (2003). Casarett and Doull's essentials of toxicology. New York: McGraw-Hill/Medical Pub. Div.
12. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta
GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel.
Endrin antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (R029)UniProt ID: O14764
Gene: GABRD
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report
References:
- R029 — Casarett LJ, Klaassen CD, and Watkins JB (2003). Casarett and Doull's essentials of toxicology. New York: McGraw-Hill/Medical Pub. Div.
13. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon
GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel.
Endrin antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (R029)UniProt ID: P78334
Gene: GABRE
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report
References:
- R029 — Casarett LJ, Klaassen CD, and Watkins JB (2003). Casarett and Doull's essentials of toxicology. New York: McGraw-Hill/Medical Pub. Div.
14. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1
GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel.
Endrin antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (R029)UniProt ID: Q8N1C3
Gene: GABRG1
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report
References:
- R029 — Casarett LJ, Klaassen CD, and Watkins JB (2003). Casarett and Doull's essentials of toxicology. New York: McGraw-Hill/Medical Pub. Div.
15. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2
GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel.
Endrin antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (R029)UniProt ID: P18507
Gene: GABRG2
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report
References:
- R029 — Casarett LJ, Klaassen CD, and Watkins JB (2003). Casarett and Doull's essentials of toxicology. New York: McGraw-Hill/Medical Pub. Div.
16. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3
GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel.
Endrin antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (R029)UniProt ID: Q99928
Gene: GABRG3
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report
References:
- R029 — Casarett LJ, Klaassen CD, and Watkins JB (2003). Casarett and Doull's essentials of toxicology. New York: McGraw-Hill/Medical Pub. Div.
17. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi
GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel. In the uterus, the function of the receptor appears to be related to tissue contractility. The binding of this pI subunit with other GABA(A) receptor subunits alters the sensitivity of recombinant receptors to modulatory agents such as pregnanolone.
Endrin antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (R029)UniProt ID: O00591
Gene: GABRP
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report
References:
- R029 — Casarett LJ, Klaassen CD, and Watkins JB (2003). Casarett and Doull's essentials of toxicology. New York: McGraw-Hill/Medical Pub. Div.
18. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-1
GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel. Rho-1 GABA receptor could play a role in retinal neurotransmission.
Endrin antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (R029)UniProt ID: P24046
Gene: GABRR1
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report
References:
- R029 — Casarett LJ, Klaassen CD, and Watkins JB (2003). Casarett and Doull's essentials of toxicology. New York: McGraw-Hill/Medical Pub. Div.
19. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-2
GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel. Rho-2 GABA receptor could play a role in retinal neurotransmission.
Endrin antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (R029)UniProt ID: P28476
Gene: GABRR2
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report
References:
- R029 — Casarett LJ, Klaassen CD, and Watkins JB (2003). Casarett and Doull's essentials of toxicology. New York: McGraw-Hill/Medical Pub. Div.
20. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-3
GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel (By similarity).
Endrin antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (R029)UniProt ID: A8MPY1
Gene: GABRR3
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report
References:
- R029 — Casarett LJ, Klaassen CD, and Watkins JB (2003). Casarett and Doull's essentials of toxicology. New York: McGraw-Hill/Medical Pub. Div.
21. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta
GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel.
Endrin antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (R029)UniProt ID: Q9UN88
Gene: GABRQ
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report
References:
- R029 — Casarett LJ, Klaassen CD, and Watkins JB (2003). Casarett and Doull's essentials of toxicology. New York: McGraw-Hill/Medical Pub. Div.
22. Plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPase 1
This magnesium-dependent enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the transport of calcium out of the cell.
Endrin inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (R029)UniProt ID: P20020
Gene: ATP2B1
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report
References:
- R029 — Casarett LJ, Klaassen CD, and Watkins JB (2003). Casarett and Doull's essentials of toxicology. New York: McGraw-Hill/Medical Pub. Div.
23. Plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPase 2
This magnesium-dependent enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the transport of calcium out of the cell.
Endrin inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (R029)UniProt ID: Q01814
Gene: ATP2B2
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report
References:
- R029 — Casarett LJ, Klaassen CD, and Watkins JB (2003). Casarett and Doull's essentials of toxicology. New York: McGraw-Hill/Medical Pub. Div.
24. Plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPase 3
This magnesium-dependent enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the transport of calcium out of the cell.
Endrin inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (R029)UniProt ID: Q16720
Gene: ATP2B3
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report
References:
- R029 — Casarett LJ, Klaassen CD, and Watkins JB (2003). Casarett and Doull's essentials of toxicology. New York: McGraw-Hill/Medical Pub. Div.
25. Plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPase 4
This magnesium-dependent enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the transport of calcium out of the cell.
Endrin inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (R029)UniProt ID: P23634
Gene: ATP2B4
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report
References:
- R029 — Casarett LJ, Klaassen CD, and Watkins JB (2003). Casarett and Doull's essentials of toxicology. New York: McGraw-Hill/Medical Pub. Div.
26. Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 1
This magnesium-dependent enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the translocation of calcium from the cytosol to the sarcoplasmic reticulum lumen. Contributes to calcium sequestration involved in muscular excitation/contraction.
Endrin inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (R029)UniProt ID: O14983
Gene: ATP2A1
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report
References:
- R029 — Casarett LJ, Klaassen CD, and Watkins JB (2003). Casarett and Doull's essentials of toxicology. New York: McGraw-Hill/Medical Pub. Div.
27. Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2
This magnesium-dependent enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the translocation of calcium from the cytosol to the sarcoplasmic reticulum lumen. Isoform 2 is involved in the regulation of the contraction/relaxation cycle.
Endrin inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (R029)UniProt ID: P16615
Gene: ATP2A2
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report
References:
- R029 — Casarett LJ, Klaassen CD, and Watkins JB (2003). Casarett and Doull's essentials of toxicology. New York: McGraw-Hill/Medical Pub. Div.
28. Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 3
This magnesium-dependent enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the transport of calcium. Transports calcium ions from the cytosol into the sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum lumen. Contributes to calcium sequestration involved in muscular excitation/contraction.
Endrin inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (R029)UniProt ID: Q93084
Gene: ATP2A3
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report
References:
- R029 — Casarett LJ, Klaassen CD, and Watkins JB (2003). Casarett and Doull's essentials of toxicology. New York: McGraw-Hill/Medical Pub. Div.
29. Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit gamma
May be involved in forming the receptor site for cardiac glycoside binding or may modulate the transport function of the sodium ATPase.
Endrin inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (R029)UniProt ID: P54710
Gene: FXYD2
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report
References:
- R029 — Casarett LJ, Klaassen CD, and Watkins JB (2003). Casarett and Doull's essentials of toxicology. New York: McGraw-Hill/Medical Pub. Div.
30. Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1
This is the catalytic component of the active enzyme, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the exchange of sodium and potassium ions across the plasma membrane. This action creates the electrochemical gradient of sodium and potassium ions, providing the energy for active transport of various nutrients.
Endrin inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (R029)UniProt ID: P05023
Gene: ATP1A1
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report
References:
- R029 — Casarett LJ, Klaassen CD, and Watkins JB (2003). Casarett and Doull's essentials of toxicology. New York: McGraw-Hill/Medical Pub. Div.
31. Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-2
This is the catalytic component of the active enzyme, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the exchange of sodium and potassium ions across the plasma membrane. This action creates the electrochemical gradient of sodium and potassium, providing the energy for active transport of various nutrients.
Endrin inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (R029)UniProt ID: P50993
Gene: ATP1A2
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report
References:
- R029 — Casarett LJ, Klaassen CD, and Watkins JB (2003). Casarett and Doull's essentials of toxicology. New York: McGraw-Hill/Medical Pub. Div.
32. Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-3
This is the catalytic component of the active enzyme, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the exchange of sodium and potassium ions across the plasma membrane. This action creates the electrochemical gradient of sodium and potassium ions, providing the energy for active transport of various nutrients.
Endrin inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (R029)UniProt ID: P13637
Gene: ATP1A3
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report
References:
- R029 — Casarett LJ, Klaassen CD, and Watkins JB (2003). Casarett and Doull's essentials of toxicology. New York: McGraw-Hill/Medical Pub. Div.
33. Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-4
This is the catalytic component of the active enzyme, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the exchange of sodium and potassium ions across the plasma membrane. This action creates the electrochemical gradient of sodium and potassium ions, providing the energy for active transport of various nutrients. Plays a role in sperm motility.
Endrin inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (R029)UniProt ID: Q13733
Gene: ATP1A4
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report
References:
- R029 — Casarett LJ, Klaassen CD, and Watkins JB (2003). Casarett and Doull's essentials of toxicology. New York: McGraw-Hill/Medical Pub. Div.
34. Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-1
This is the non-catalytic component of the active enzyme, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the exchange of Na(+) and K(+) ions across the plasma membrane. The beta subunit regulates, through assembly of alpha/beta heterodimers, the number of sodium pumps transported to the plasma membrane.
Endrin inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (R029)UniProt ID: P05026
Gene: ATP1B1
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report
References:
- R029 — Casarett LJ, Klaassen CD, and Watkins JB (2003). Casarett and Doull's essentials of toxicology. New York: McGraw-Hill/Medical Pub. Div.
35. Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-2
This is the non-catalytic component of the active enzyme, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the exchange of Na(+) and K(+) ions across the plasma membrane. The exact function of the beta-2 subunit is not known.
Endrin inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (R029)UniProt ID: P14415
Gene: ATP1B2
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report
References:
- R029 — Casarett LJ, Klaassen CD, and Watkins JB (2003). Casarett and Doull's essentials of toxicology. New York: McGraw-Hill/Medical Pub. Div.
36. Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-3
This is the non-catalytic component of the active enzyme, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the exchange of Na(+) and K(+) ions across the plasma membrane. The exact function of the beta-3 subunit is not known.
Endrin inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (R029)UniProt ID: P54709
Gene: ATP1B3
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report
References:
- R029 — Casarett LJ, Klaassen CD, and Watkins JB (2003). Casarett and Doull's essentials of toxicology. New York: McGraw-Hill/Medical Pub. Div.
37. Estrogen receptor
Nuclear hormone receptor. The steroid hormones and their receptors are involved in the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression and affect cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues. Ligand-dependent nuclear transactivation involves either direct homodimer binding to a palindromic estrogen response element (ERE) sequence or association with other DNA-binding transcription factors, such as AP-1/c-Jun, c-Fos, ATF-2, Sp1 and Sp3, to mediate ERE-independent signaling. Ligand binding induces a conformational change allowing subsequent or combinatorial association with multiprotein coactivator complexes through LXXLL motifs of their respective components. Mutual transrepression occurs between the estrogen receptor (ER) and NF-kappa-B in a cell-type specific manner. Decreases NF-kappa-B DNA-binding activity and inhibits NF-kappa-B-mediated transcription from the IL6 promoter and displace RELA/p65 and associated coregulators from the promoter. Recruited to the NF-kappa-B response element of the CCL2 and IL8 promoters and can displace CREBBP. Present with NF-kappa-B components RELA/p65 and NFKB1/p50 on ERE sequences. Can also act synergistically with NF-kappa-B to activate transcription involving respective recruitment adjacent response elements; the function involves CREBBP. Can activate the transcriptional activity of TFF1. Also mediates membrane-initiated estrogen signaling involving various kinase cascades. Isoform 3 is involved in activation of NOS3 and endothelial nitric oxide production. Isoforms lacking one or several functional domains are thought to modulate transcriptional activity by competitive ligand or DNA binding and/or heterodimerization with the full length receptor. Isoform 3 can bind to ERE and inhibit isoform 1.
Causes endocrine disruption in humans by binding to and inhibiting the estrogen receptor. (S301)UniProt ID: P03372
Gene: ESR1
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report
References:
- S301 — Luft S, Milki E, Glustrom E, Ampiah-Bonney R, O'Hara P. Binding of Organochloride and Pyrethroid Pesticides To Estrogen Receptors ? and ?: A Fluorescence Polarization Assay. Biophysical Journal 2009;96(3):444a.
38. Estrogen receptor beta
Nuclear hormone receptor. Binds estrogens with an affinity similar to that of ESR1, and activates expression of reporter genes containing estrogen response elements (ERE) in an estrogen-dependent manner. Isoform beta-cx lacks ligand binding ability and has no or only very low ere binding activity resulting in the loss of ligand-dependent transactivation ability. DNA-binding by ESR1 and ESR2 is rapidly lost at 37 degrees Celsius in the absence of ligand while in the presence of 17 beta-estradiol and 4-hydroxy-tamoxifen loss in DNA-binding at elevated temperature is more gradual.
Causes endocrine disruption in humans by binding to and inhibiting the estrogen receptor. (S301)UniProt ID: Q92731
Gene: ESR2
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report
References:
- S301 — Luft S, Milki E, Glustrom E, Ampiah-Bonney R, O'Hara P. Binding of Organochloride and Pyrethroid Pesticides To Estrogen Receptors ? and ?: A Fluorescence Polarization Assay. Biophysical Journal 2009;96(3):444a.